vast sums upon Nana, giving her a magnificent house in the Avenue de Villiers.  Her influence over him became complete, and he even accepted Daguenet, her former lover, as his son-in-law.  He overlooked too his wife’s numerous liaisons, as he required her signature to enable him to raise still more money for Nana.  Muffat’s means were coming to an end, however, and the scandal reached such a height that he was forced to resign his position at the Tuileries.  It was only when he learned that Nana was carrying on a liaison with his own father-in-law, the aged Marquis de Chouard, that he finally broke with her, and coming once more under the influence of Venot, he sought forgetfulness of the past in an exaggerated devotion to the service of the Church.  Nana.

MUFFAT DE BEUVILLE (COMTESSE), wife of the preceding.  See Sabine de Chouard.  Nana.

MUFFAT DE BEUVILLE (ESTELLE), daughter of the preceding.  At sixteen she was thin and insignificant, seldom speaking, but after her marriage to Daguenet, she exhibited a will of iron, and completely dominated her husband.  Nana.

MULLER (BLANCHE), a favourite actress at the Theatre des Varietes.  La Curee.

MUSSY (M.  DE) was an admirer of Renee Saccard, and aspired to be her lover.  He received an appointment on the staff of the London embassy.  La Curee.

N

NANA.  See Anna Coupeau.

NANA, name of a filly in the racing stable of Vandeuvres.  She had been beaten in several races, and when run for the Grand Prix de Paris was looked on as an outsider.  The success of the filly by fraudulent means led to the disqualification of the owner.  Nana.

NAPOLEON III, Emperor of the French.  Referred to in Son Excellence Eugene Rougon and in La Debacle.

NATHANSOHN, a stockbroker.  He came from Besancon, where his father was a watchmaker.  He was very fortunate in his speculations, and soon became a man of consequence.  His Jewish caution prevented him from becoming involved with Saccard in the affairs of the Universal Bank, and when that institution collapsed he was in a position to snatch a fortune from its ruin.  L’Argent.

NAUD, a shoemaker in Rue d’Antin who felt severely the competition of Octave Mouret’s great shop.  Au Bonheur des Dames.

NAUDET, a cousin of the Quenus.  He was a member of Pauline’s family council, and consented to her emancipation.  La Joie de Vivre.

NAUDET, a picture-dealer who for some years had been revolutionizing the trade.  He put aside the old cautious methods, the watching for pictures by beginners, bought for ten francs and sold for fifteen.  To judge by his appearance he might have been a nobleman, and his habits were in keeping; he was, in fact, a pure speculator in pictures, caring nothing for art.  But he unfailingly scented success; he guessed what artists ought to be taken up, not the ones likely