“Tom Sawyer Abroad,” also “Pudd’nhead Wilson”, and wrote the first half of a book that really had its beginning on the day when, an apprentice-boy in Hannibal, he had found a stray leaf from the pathetic story of “Joan of Arc.”  All his life she had been his idol, and he had meant some day to write of her.  Now, in this weather-stained old palace, looking down on Florence, medieval and hazy, and across to the villa-dotted hills, he began one of the most beautiful stories ever written, “The Personal Recollections of Joan of Arc.”  He wrote in the first person, assuming the character of Joan’s secretary, Sieur Louis de Conte, who in his old age is telling the great tale of the Maid of Orleans.  It was Mark Twain’s purpose, this time, to publish anonymously.  Walking the floor one day at Viviani, and smoking vigorously, he said to Mrs. Clemens and Susy: 

“I shall never be accepted seriously over my own signature.  People always want to laugh over what I write, and are disappointed if they don’t find a joke in it.  This is to be a serious book.  It means more to me than anything else I have ever undertaken.  I shall write it anonymously.”

So it was that the gentle Sieur de Conte took up the pen, and the tale of Joan was begun in the ancient garden of Viviani, a setting appropriate to its lovely form.

He wrote rapidly when once his plan was perfected and his material arranged.  The reading of his youth and manhood was now recalled, not merely as reading, but as remembered reality.  It was as if he were truly the old Sieur de Conte, saturated with memories, pouring out the tender, tragic tale.  In six weeks he had written one hundred thousand words —­remarkable progress at any time, the more so when we consider that some of the authorities he consulted were in a foreign tongue.  He had always more or less kept up his study of French, begun so long ago on the river, and it stood him now in good stead.  Still, it was never easy for him, and the multitude of notes that still exist along the margin of his French authorities show the magnitude of his work.  Others of the family went down into the city almost daily, but he stayed in the still garden with Joan.  Florence and its suburbs were full of delightful people, some of them old friends.  There were luncheons, dinners, teas, dances, and the like always in progress, but he resisted most of these things, preferring to remain the quaint old Sieur de Conte, following again the banner of the Maid of Orleans marshaling her twilight armies across his illumined page.

But the next spring, March, 1893, he was obliged to put aside the manuscript and hurry to America again, fruitlessly, of course, for a financial stress was on the land; the business of Webster & Co. was on the down-grade—­nothing could save it.  There was new hope in the old type-setting machine, but his faith in the resurrection was not strong.  The strain of his affairs was telling on him.  The business owed a great sum, with no prospect of relief.  Back in Europe again, Mark Twain wrote F. D. Hall, his business manager in New York: