I have nowhere attempted to represent the rhymes of the original.  The “Proben” of H. v.  Purgstall, in the Fundgruben des Orients, excellent as they are in many respects, shew that this can only be done with a sacrifice of literal translation.  I subjoin as a specimen Lieut.  Burton’s version of the Fatthah, or opening chapter of previous editions.  See Sura [viii.] p. 28.

        1 In the Name of Allah, the Merciful, the Compassionate!
        2 Praise be to Allah, who the three worlds made.
        3 The Merciful, the Compassionate,
        4 The King of the day of Fate.
        5 Thee alone do we worship, and of thee alone do we ask aid.
        6 Guide us to the path that is straight-
        7 The path of those to whom thy love is great,
                Not those on whom is hate,
                Nor they that deviate.  Amen.

“I have endeavoured,” he adds, “in this translation to imitate the imperfect rhyme of the original Arabic.  Such an attempt, however, is full of difficulties.  The Arabic is a language in which, like Italian, it is almost impossible not to rhyme.”  Pilgr. ii. 78.

1 Mishcât, vol. i. p. 524.  E. Trans.  B. viii. 3, 3.

2 Mishcât, as above.  Muir, i. p. xiii.  Freyt.  Einl., p. 384.  Memoires de l’Acad.  T. 50, p. 426.  Nöld. p. 205.

3 Kitâb al Waquidi, p. 278

4 See Suras xxxvi. xxv. xvii.

5 See Walton’s Prol. ad Polygl.  Lond. § xiv. 2.

6 Prol. in N.T. p. lxxviii.

7 The date of the Bab.  Gemara is A.D. 530; of the Jerusalem Gamara, A.D. 430; of the Mischina A.D. 220; See Gfrörer’s Jahrhundert des Heils, pp. 11- 44.

8 Sura xlvi. 10, p. 314.

9 Sura vi. 20, p. 318.  Sura ii. 13 (p. 339), verse 98, etc.

10 Sura xxv. 5, 6, p. 159.

11 Sura. vii. 156, p. 307; xxix. 47, p. 265.

12 See Dr. Sprenger’s “Life,” p. 101.

13 Or, epileptic.

14 A line of argument to be adopted by a Christian missionary in dealing with a Muhammadan should be, not to attack Islam as a mass of error, but to shew that it contains fragments of disjointed truth-that it is based upon Christianity and Judaism partially understood-especially upon the latter, without any appreciation of its typical character pointing to Christianity as a final dispensation.

15 Muhammad can scarcely have failed to observe the opportunity offered for the growth of a new power, by the ruinous strifes of the Persians and Greeks.  Abulfeda (Life of Muhammad, p. 76) expressly says that he had promised his followers the spoils o Chosroes and Cæsar.

SURA1 XCVI.-THICK BLOOD, OR CLOTS OF BLOOD [I.]

Mecca.-19 Verses

In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful2

Recite3 thou, in the name of thy Lord who created;-