[25].  Journal of Dumont d’Urville, commander of the vessel which transported Charles X. into exile in 1830. — See note 4 at the end of the volume.

[26].  Dumouriez, “Mémoires,” III. chap.  III. (July 21, 1789).

[27]. 1 “All these fine ladies and gentlemen who knew so well how to bow and courtesy and walk over a carpet, could not take three steps on God’s earth without getting dreadfully fatigued.  They could not even open or shut a door; they had not even strength enough to lift a log to put it on the fire; they had to call a servant to draw up a chair for them; they could not come in or go out by themselves. what could they have done with their graces, without their valets to supply the place of hands and feet?” (George Sand, V. 61.)

[28].  When Madame de F- had expressed a clever thing she felt quite proud of it.  M- remarked that on uttering something clever about an emetic she was quite surprised that she was not purged.  Champfort, 107.

[29].  The following is an example of what armed resistance can accomplish for a man in his own house.  “A gentleman of Marseilles, proscribed and living in his country domicile, has provided himself with gun, pistols and saber, and never goes out without this armament, declaring that he will not be taken alive.  Nobody dared to execute the order of arrest. (Anne Plumptree, “A Residence of three years in France,” (1802-1805), II. 115.

BOOK THIRD.  THE SPIRIT AND THE DOCTRINE.

CHAPTER I. SCIENTIFIC ACQUISITION.

The composition of the revolutionary spirit. —­ Scientific acquisition its first element.

On seeing a man with a somewhat feeble constitution, but healthy in appearance and of steady habits, greedily swallow some new kind of cordial and then suddenly fall to the ground, foam at the mouth, act deliriously and writhe in convulsions, we at once surmise that this agreeable beverage contained some dangerous substance; but a delicate analysis is necessary to detect and decompose the poison.  The philosophy of the eighteenth century contained poison, and of a kind as potent as it was peculiar; for, not only is it a long historic elaboration, the final and condensed essence of the tendency of the thought of the century, but again its two principal ingredients have this peculiarity, that, separate, they are salutary, and in combination they form a venomous compound.

I.Scientific progress.

The accumulation and progress of discoveries in science and in nature. — They serve as a starting-point for the new philosophers.