[Footnote 1:  Supply men. nostri\, vestri\, and sui\ are often
    used as nouns in this way.]

[Footnote 2:  Not children.  The Romans used liberi\ either as an adjective, meaning _free_, or as a noun, meaning _the free_, thereby signifying their _free-born children_.  The word was never applied to children of slaves.]

    [Footnote 3:  in\ with the accusative.]

218. THE FAITHLESS TARPE’IA

Sabini olim cum Romanis bellum gerebant et multas victorias reportaverant.  Iam agros proximos muris vastabant, iam oppido adpropinquabant.  Romani autem in Capitolium fugerant et longe periculo aberant.  Muris validis et saxis altis credebant.  Frustra Sabini tela iaciebant, frustra portas duras petebant; castellum occupare non poterant.  Deinde novum consilium ceperunt.[4]

Tarpeia erat puella Romana pulchra et superba.  Cotidie aquam copiis Romanis in Capitolium portabat.  Ei[5] non nocebant Sabini, quod ea sine armis erat neque Sabini bellum cum feminis liberisque gerebant.  Tarpeia autem maxime amabat ornamenta auri.  Cotidie Sabinorum ornamenta videbat et mox ea desiderare incipiebat.  Ei unus ex[6] Sabinis dixit, “Duc copias Sabinas intra portas, Tarpeia, et maxima erunt praemia tua.”

    [Footnote 4:  consilium capere\, _to make a plan_.  Why is the
    _perfect_ tense used here and the imperfect in the preceding
    sentences?  Explain the use of tenses in the next paragraph.]

    [Footnote 5:  Dative with nocebant\. (Cf.  Sec. 154.)]

    [Footnote 6:  ex\, _out of_, i.e. _from the nuumber of_; best
    translated _of_.]

  [Illustration:  TARPEIA PUELLA PERFIDA]

LESSON XXXVIII

THE RELATIVE PRONOUN AND THE INTERROGATIVE PRONOUN

219. Sentences are simple, compound, or complex.

    a. A simple sentence is a sentence containing but one statement,
    that is, one subject and one predicate:  The Romans approached the
    town.

    b. A compound sentence is a sentence containing two or more
    independent statements: 
      The Romans approached the town | and | the enemy fled.

NOTE.  An independent statement is one that can stand alone; it does not depend upon another statement.

    c. A complex sentence is a sentence containing one independent
    statement and one or more dependent statements: 
      When the Romans approached the town | the enemy fled.

NOTE.  A dependent or subordinate statement is one that depends on or qualifies another statement; thus the enemy fled is independent, and when the Romans approached the town is dependent or subordinate.

d. The separate statements in a compound or complex sentence are called clauses.  In a complex sentence the independent statement is called the main clause and the dependent statement the subordinate clause.

220. Examine the complex sentence