SECOND DECLENSION (Continued)

  [Special Vocabulary]

NOUNS ami:cus, -i:\, m., _friend_ (amicable) Germa:nia, -ae\, f., Germany patria, -ae\, f., _fatherland_ populus, -i:\, m., people Rhe:nus, -i:\, m., _the Rhine_ vi:cus, -i:\, m., village

79. We have been freely using feminine adjectives, like bona\, in agreement with feminine nouns of the first declension and declined like them. _Masculine_ adjectives of this class are declined like dominus\, and neuters like pilum.  The adjective and noun, masculine and neuter, are therefore declined as follows: 

MASCULINE NOUN AND ADJECTIVE          NEUTER NOUN AND ADJECTIVE
dominus bonus, the good master      pi:lum bonum, the good spear
BASES domin- bon-                     BASES pi:l- bon-

                          TERMINATIONS TERMINATIONS
          SINGULAR
  Nom. do’minus bonus -us pi:lum bonum -um
  Gen. domini:  boni:  -i:  pi:li:  boni:  -i: 
  Dat. domino:  bono:  -o:  pi:lo:  bono:  -o: 
  Acc. dominum bonum -um pi:lum bonum -um
  Abl. domino:  bono:  -o:  pi:lo:  bono:  -o: 
  Voc. domine bone -e pi:lum bonum -um

PLURAL
Nom.  domini:  boni:           -i:       pi:la bona            -a
Gen.  domino:’rum bono:’rum  -o:rum   pi:lo:’rum bono:’rum  -o:rum
Dat.  domini:s boni:s        -is      pi:li:s boni:s        -i:s
Acc.  domino:s bono:s        -o:s     pi:la bona            -a
Abl.  domini:s boni:s        -i:s     pi:li:s boni:s        -i:s

Decline together bellum longum\, equus parvus\, servus malus\, murus altus\, frumentum novum\.

80. Observe the sentences

  Lesbia ancilla est bona,
    Lesbia, the maidservant, is good
  Filia Lesbiae ancillae est bona,
    the daughter of Lesbia, the maidservant, is good
  Servus Lesbiam ancillam amat,
    the slave loves Lesbia, the maidservant

In these sentences ancilla\, ancillae\, and ancillam\ denote the class of persons to which _Lesbia_ belongs and explain who she is.  Nouns so related that the second is only another name for the first and explains it are said to be in apposition, and are always in the same case.

81. RULE.  Apposition. An appositive agrees in case with the noun which it explains.

82. EXERCISES

First learn the special vocabulary, p. 285.

I. 1.  Patria servi boni, vicus servorum bonorum, bone popule. 2.  Populus oppidi magni, in oppido magno, in oppidis magnis. 3.  Cum pilis longis, ad pila longa, ad muros latos. 4.  Legate male, amici legati mali, cena grata domino bono. 5.  Frumentum equorum parvorum, domine bone, ad legatos claros. 6.  Rhenus est in Germania, patria mea. 7.  Sextus legatus pilum longum portat. 8.  Oppidani boni Sexto legato clara pecuniam dant. 9.  Mali servi equum bonum Marci domini necant. 10.  Galba agricola et Iulia filia bona laborant. 11.  Marcus nauta in insula Sicilia habitat.