Latin for Beginners eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 433 pages of information about Latin for Beginners.

Latin for Beginners eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 433 pages of information about Latin for Beginners.
1. ama:re:’mus    mone:re:’mus   regere:’mus   capere:’mus   audi:re:’mus
2. ama:re:’tis    mone:re:’tis   regere:’tis   capere:’tis   audi:re:’tis
3. ama:’rent      mone:’rent     re’gerent     ca’perent     audi:’rent
PASSIVE
1. ama:’rer       mone:’rer      re’gerer      ca’perer      audi:’rer
2. ama:re:’ris    mone:re:’ris   regere:’ris   capere:’ris   audi:re:’ris
(-re)           (-re)         (-re)         (-re)          (-re)
3. ama:re:’tur    mone:re:’tur   regere:’tur   capere:’tur   audi:re:’tur

1. ama:re:’mur mone:re:’mur regere:’mur capere:’mur —­re:’mur 2. ama:re:’mini:  mone:re:’mini:  regere:’mini:  capere:’mini:  —­re’mini:  3. ama:ren’tur mone:ren’tur regeren’tur caperen’tur —­ren’tur

a. In a similar way inflect the imperfect subjunctive, active and
passive, of curo\, iubeo\, sumo\, iacio\, munio\.

355. The imperfect subjunctive of the irregular verb sum\ is inflected as follows: 

{ 1. es’sem            { 1. esse:’mus
SING. { 2. es’se:s    PLURAL { 2. esse:’tis
{ 3. es’set            { 3. es’sent

356. The three great distinctions of time are present, past, and future.  All tenses referring to present or future time are called primary tenses\, and those referring to past time are called secondary tenses\.  Now it is a very common law of language that in a complex sentence the tense in the dependent clause should be of the same kind as the tense in the principal clause.  In the sentence He /says\ that he /is\ coming, the principal verb, says, is present, that is, is in a primary tense; and is coming, in the dependent clause, is naturally also primary.  If I change he says to he said,—­in other words, if I make the principal verb secondary in character,—­I feel it natural to change the verb in the dependent clause also, and I say, He /said\ that he /was\ coming.  This following of a tense by another of the same kind is called tense sequence, from sequi:, “to follow.”

In Latin the law of tense sequence is obeyed with considerable regularity, especially when an indicative in the principal clause is followed by a subjunctive in the dependent clause.  Then a primary tense of the indicative is followed by a primary tense of the subjunctive, and a secondary tense of the indicative is followed by a secondary tense of the subjunctive.  Learn the following table: 

357. TABLE FOR SEQUENCE OF TENSES

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Latin for Beginners from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.