K’ung Tzu (Confucius), 40 ff.

Kuo-min-tang (KMT), party, 313, 321, 323, 324, 325

Kuo Wei, ruler, 206

Kuo Tzu-hsing, rebel leader, 239

Kuo Tzu-i, loyal general, 184, 186

Kyakhta (Kiachta), city, 278

Labour, forced, 235, 237
  (see Corvee);
  Labour laws, 198;
  Labour shortage, 251

Lacquer, 256

Lamaism, religion, 242-3

Land ownership, 31, 32, 54
  (see Property);
  Land reform, 94, 142-3, 172-3, 229, 290, 315, 325, 330
  (see chuen-t’ien, ching-t’ien)

Landlords, 54, 55, 154, 155, 198, 212, 213, 236-7, 251;
  temples as landlords, 134

Language, 36, 46;
  dialects, 64-5, 167;
  Language reform, 307-8, 324

Lang Shih-ning, painter, 281

La Tzu, philosopher, 45 ff., 101, 136

Laos, country, 12

Law codes, 56, 66, 80, 81-2, 93
  (see Li K’ui, Property law, Inheritance, Legalists)

Leadership, 73-4

League of Nations, 316

Leibniz, philosopher, 281

Legalists (fa-chia), 47, 63, 65, 66, 80, 81

Legitimacy of rule, 44, 111
  (see Abdication)

Lenin, V., 320, 333

Lhasa, city, 278, 329

Li An-shih, economist, 142

Li Chung-yen, governor, 315

Li Hung-chang, politician, 291, 296, 297

Li K’o-yung, ruler, 190, 191, 203, 204

Li Kuang-li, general, 88

Li K’ui, law-maker, 56, 80

Li Li-san, politician, 320

Li Lin-fu, politician, 184

Li Lung-mien, painter, 220

Li Shih-min
  (see T’ai Tsung), T’ang ruler, 170, 172, 178

Li Ssu, politician, 66

Li Ta-chao, librarian, 320

Li T’ai-po, poet, 182

Li Tzu-ch’eng, rebel, 268, 269, 271

Li Yu, writer, 280

Li Yu-chen, writer, 280

Li Yuean, ruler, 172

Li Yuean-hung, politician, 301, 302, 312

Liang dynasty, Earlier, 124, 130;
  Later Liang, 130, 150, 162, 191, 203 ff., 207;
  Northern Liang, 130 ff., 132, 133, 140;
  Southern Liang, 132;
  Western Liang, 131, 140

Liang Ch’i-ch’ao, journalist, 280-1

liang-min (burghers), 143

Liao, tribes, 12;
  Liao dynasty (see Kitan), 203, 208, 222 ff.;
  Western Liao dynasty, 224

Liao-chai chih-i, short-story collection, 280

Libraries, 66, 201-2

Lin-chin, city, 55

Lin-ch’uan, city, 263

Lin Shu, translator, 280

Lin Tse-hsue, politician, 286

Literati, 73
  (see Scholars, Confucianists)

Literature, 66, 103 ff., 182 ff., 220, 253 ff.
  (see pien-wen, pi-chi, Poetry, Drama, Novels,
  Epics, Theatre, ballads, Folk-tales, Fables, History, Confucians,
  Writers, Scholars, Scribes)