And the value of life depends on the value of this prize 35

J.S.  Mill, G. Eliot, and Professor Huxley admit that this is a correct way of stating the case 36

But all this language as it stands at present is too vague to be of any use to us 38

The prize in question is to be won in this life, if anywhere; and must therefore be more or less describable 39

What then is it? 40

Unless it is describable it cannot be a moral end at all 41

As a consideration of the raison d’etre of all moral systems will show us 42

The value of the prize must be verifiable by positive methods 43

And be verifiably greater, beyond all comparison, than that of all other prizes 44

Has such a prize any real existence?  This is our question 44

It has never yet been answered properly 45

And though two sets of answers have been given it, neither of them are satisfactory 45

I shall deal with these two questions in order 47

CHAPTER III.

Sociology as the foundation of morality.

The positive theory is that the health of the social organism is the real foundation of morals 49

But social health is nothing but the personal health of all the members of the society 51

It is not happiness itself, but the negative conditions that make happiness for all 51

Still less is social health any high kind of happiness 54

It can only be maintained to be so, by supposing 55

Either, that all kinds of happiness are equally high that do not interfere with others 55

Or, that it is only a high kind of happiness that can be shared by all 56

Both of which suppositions are false 57

The conditions of social health are a moral end only when we each feel a personal delight in maintaining them 58

In this case they will supply us with a small portion of the moral aid needed 59