The First Book of Farming eBook

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Table of Contents
Section	Page

Start of eBook	1
PART II	1
GLOSSARY 241	3
PART I	5
THE FIRST BOOK OF FARMING	5
PART I	5
CHAPTER I	5
INTRODUCTION TO PLANTS	5
CHAPTER II	8
USES OF ROOTS TO PLANTS	8
HABIT OF GROWTH OF ROOTS	9
CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR ROOT GROWTH	14
CHAPTER III	16
RELATION OF SOIL TO PLANTS	16
CLASSIFICATION OF SOILS	18
HOW WERE SOILS MADE?	20
SOIL TEXTURE	23
CHAPTER IV	23
IMPORTANCE OF WATER TO PLANTS	24
SOURCES OF SOIL WATER	24
ATTITUDE OF THE SOILS TOWARDS WATER	24
THE EFFECT OF WORKING SOILS WHEN WET	27
CHAPTER V	28
FREE WATER	28
CAPILLARY WATER	28
FILM WATER	29
CHAPTER VI	30
LOSS OF SOIL WATER AND MEANS OF CHECKING THE LOSS	30
CHAPTER VII	32
HOW SOILS ARE WARMED	33
HOW SOILS LOSE HEAT	34
CONDITIONS WHICH INFLUENCE SOIL TEMPERATURE	34
VALUE OF ORGANIC MATTER	35
CHAPTER VIII	35
CHAPTER IX	39
CONDITIONS NECESSARY FOR SEEDS TO SPROUT	39
SEED TESTING	42
HOW THE SEEDS COME UP	43
USE OF COTYLEDONS AND ENDOSPERM	44
CHAPTER X	44
HOW DEEP SHOULD SEEDS BE PLANTED?	44
SEED CLASSIFICATION	47
TRANSPLANTING	47
CHAPTER XI	49
SPADING THE SOIL	49
PLOWING	50
WHY DO WE SPADE AND PLOW?	50
PARTS OF A PLOW	50
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD PLOW	52
THE FURROW SLICE	52
HOW DEEP SHALL WE PLOW?	52
BREAKING OUT THE MIDDLES	53
THROWING THE LAND UP IN RIDGES	53
TIME TO PLOW	53
BARE FALLOW	54
CHAPTER XII	54
HARROWING	54
HARROWS	55
ROLLING	56
CHAPTER XIII	57
FACTS ABOUT LEAVES	57
THE USES OF LEAVES TO PLANTS	58
HOW THE WORK OF SOME LEAVES IS INTERFERED WITH	61
CHAPTER XIV	64
WHAT ARE STEMS FOR?	64
HOW THE WORK OF THE STEM MAY BE INTERFERED WITH	67
CHAPTER XV	67
FUNCTION OR USE OF FLOWERS TO PLANTS	67
PARTS OF A FLOWER	68
FUNCTIONS OF THE PARTS OF THE FLOWERS	69
VALUE OF A KNOWLEDGE OF THE FLOWER	71
FRUIT	72
PART II	72
THE FIRST BOOK OF FARMING	72
PART II	72
CHAPTER XVI	72
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF A FERTILE SOIL	73
BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF A FERTILE SOIL	73
NITROGEN-FIXING GERMS	74
NITRIFYING GERMS	74
DENITRIFYING GERMS	75
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF A FERTILE SOIL	75
MAINTENANCE OF FERTILITY	77
CHAPTER XVII	77
IMPORTANCE OF SOIL WATER	77
NECESSITY OF SOIL WATER	77
SOURCES AND FORMS OF SOIL WATER	78
TOO MUCH WATER	78
NOT ENOUGH WATER	78
LOSS OF SOIL WATER	79
HOW SOME FARM OPERATIONS INFLUENCE SOIL WATER	79
HOEING, RAKING, HARROWING, AND CULTIVATING	80
MANURES AND SOIL WATER	80
METHODS OF CROPPING AND SOIL WATER	81
SELECTION OF CROPS WITH REFERENCE TO SOIL WATER	81
CHAPTER XVIII	83
LOSS OF WATER BY EVAPORATION	83
LOSS OF WATER THROUGH WEEDS	83
SAVING THE WATER	83
TIME TO CULTIVATE	83
TOOLS FOR AFTER-CULTIVATION	84
HILLING AND RIDGING	85
CHAPTER XIX	85
FUNCTIONS OF MANURES AND FERTILIZERS	85
CLASSIFICATION OF MANURES AND FERTILIZERS	86
IMPORTANCE OF FARM MANURES	86
BARN OR STABLE MANURE	86
LOSS OF VALUE	86
CHECKING THE LOSSES	88
APPLYING THE MANURE TO THE SOIL	88
PROPER CONDITION OF MANURE WHEN APPLIED	89
COMPOSTS	90
CHAPTER XX	91
GREEN-CROP MANURES	91
BENEFITS	92
CHARACTER OF BEST PLANTS FOR GREEN CROP MANURING	92
THE TIME FOR GROWING GREEN MANURE CROPS	92
LEGUMINOUS GREEN MANURE CROPS	92
NON-LEGUMINOUS GREEN MANURE PLANTS	94
CHAPTER XXI	95
THE RAW MATERIALS	95
SOURCES OF NITROGEN	95
SOURCES OF PHOSPHORIC ACID	96
SOURCES OF POTASH	98
LIME	98
CHAPTER XXII	99
MIXED FERTILIZERS	99
VALUATION	100
LOW GRADE MIXTURES	102
BUY ON THE PLANT FOOD BASIS	103
CHAPTER XXIII	103
THE HOME MIXING OF FERTILIZERS	103
KIND AND AMOUNT TO BUY	103
THE CROP	104
THE SOIL	105
SYSTEM OF FARMING	105
TESTING THE SOIL	105
CHAPTER XXIV	106
SYSTEMS OF CROPPING	106
THE ONE CROP SYSTEM	107
THE ROTATION OF CROPS	109
BENEFITS DERIVED FROM ROTATION OF CROPS	111
THE TYPICAL ROTATION	112
CONDITIONS WHICH MODIFY THE ROTATION	112
GENERAL RULES	112
LENGTH OF THE ROTATION	113
CHAPTER XXV	113
HOW SURPLUS WATER AFFECTS FERTILITY	113
INDICATIONS OF A NEED OF DRAINAGE	113
DRAINS	114
INFLUENCE OF COVERED OR UNDER DRAINS ON FERTILITY	114
LOCATION OF DRAINS	115
GLOSSARY	116
INDEX	119

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The First Book of Farming from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.