The People of the Abyss eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 229 pages of information about The People of the Abyss.

The People of the Abyss eBook

This eBook from the Gutenberg Project consists of approximately 229 pages of information about The People of the Abyss.

As home-life vanishes, the public-house appears.  Not only do men and women abnormally crave drink, who are overworked, exhausted, suffering from deranged stomachs and bad sanitation, and deadened by the ugliness and monotony of existence, but the gregarious men and women who have no home-life flee to the bright and clattering public-house in a vain attempt to express their gregariousness.  And when a family is housed in one small room, home-life is impossible.

A brief examination of such a dwelling will serve to bring to light one important cause of drunkenness.  Here the family arises in the morning, dresses, and makes its toilet, father, mother, sons, and daughters, and in the same room, shoulder to shoulder (for the room is small), the wife and mother cooks the breakfast.  And in the same room, heavy and sickening with the exhalations of their packed bodies throughout the night, that breakfast is eaten.  The father goes to work, the elder children go to school or into the street, and the mother remains with her crawling, toddling youngsters to do her housework—­still in the same room.  Here she washes the clothes, filling the pent space with soapsuds and the smell of dirty clothes, and overhead she hangs the wet linen to dry.

Here, in the evening, amid the manifold smells of the day, the family goes to its virtuous couch.  That is to say, as many as possible pile into the one bed (if bed they have), and the surplus turns in on the floor.  And this is the round of their existence, month after month, year after year, for they never get a vacation save when they are evicted.  When a child dies, and some are always bound to die, since fifty-five per cent. of the East End children die before they are five years old, the body is laid out in the same room.  And if they are very poor, it is kept for some time until they can bury it.  During the day it lies on the bed; during the night, when the living take the bed, the dead occupies the table, from which, in the morning, when the dead is put back into the bed, they eat their breakfast.  Sometimes the body is placed on the shelf which serves as a pantry for their food.  Only a couple of weeks ago, an East End woman was in trouble, because, in this fashion, being unable to bury it, she had kept her dead child three weeks.

Now such a room as I have described is not home but horror; and the men and women who flee away from it to the public-house are to be pitied, not blamed.  There are 300,000 people, in London, divided into families that live in single rooms, while there are 900,000 who are illegally housed according to the Public Health Act of 1891—­a respectable recruiting-ground for the drink traffic.

Then there are the insecurity of happiness, the precariousness of existence, the well-founded fear of the future—­potent factors in driving people to drink.  Wretchedness squirms for alleviation, and in the public-house its pain is eased and forgetfulness is obtained.  It is unhealthy.  Certainly it is, but everything else about their lives is unhealthy, while this brings the oblivion that nothing else in their lives can bring.  It even exalts them, and makes them feel that they are finer and better, though at the same time it drags them down and makes them more beastly than ever.  For the unfortunate man or woman, it is a race between miseries that ends with death.

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Project Gutenberg
The People of the Abyss from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.