Reaping          Reaping                  Labourer per
wheat           oats         Mowing      day without
per acre.        per acre.    per acre.       food.

1261-1350 5-5/8d. 4-7/8d. 5-1/4d. 2d. 1351-1400 8-1/2d. 8-1/4d. 7d. 3d. 1401-1540 9-3/4d. 8-1/4d. 8-1/8d. 4d. 1541-82 —­[756] —­ —­ 6-1/2d. 1583-1640 —­ —­ 1s. 7d. 8-1/2d. 1640-1700 —­ —­ 1s. 8d. 10d.

PRICE OF LAND PER ACRE.

To Rent.                     To Buy. 
Arable.        Grass.

1261-1350 4d.-6d. 1s.-2s. 12 years’ purchase 1351-1400 6d. 2s. " 1401-1540 6d. 2s. 15-20 years 1541-82 slight increase unaltered 1583-1640 great increase 20 years 1641-1700 5s. 8s. " 1770 10s. 30 years

FOOTNOTES: 

[754] Summarized from Thorold Rogers’ prices in his History of Agriculture and Prices, with some alterations.

[755] Affri, 13s. 5d. cart horses, 19s. 4d.  A good saddle horse about 1300 was worth L5.  By 1580 it was worth L10 to L15, by 1700 L20 to L25.

[756] A decided increase, but prices fluctuate so much that it is hard to strike an average.

APPENDIX II

TABLE SHOWING EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF
WHEAT AND FLOUR FROM AND INTO ENGLAND,
UNIMPORTANT YEARS OMITTED

Exports.       Imports. 
Quarters.      Quarters.

England. 1697 14,699 400 1703 166,615 50 1717 22,954 none 1728 3,817 74,574 1733 427,199 7 1750 947,602 279

Great Britain. 1757 11,545 141,562 1758 9,234 20,353 1761 441,956 none 1767 5,071 497,905 1770 75,449 34 1775 91,037 560,988 1776 210,664 20,578 1780 224,059 3,915 1786 205,466 51,463 1787 120,536 59,339 1789 140,014 112,656 1791 70,626 469,056 1796 24,679 879,200 1801 28,406 1,424,765 1808 98,005 84,889 1810 75,785 1,567,126 1815 227,947 384,475 1825 38,796 787,606 1837 308,420 1,109,492 1839 42,512 3,110,729 1842 68,047 3,111,290

The above figures are taken from McCulloch’s Commercial Dictionary, 1847, p. 438, and agree roughly with those given by McPherson, Annals of Commerce, iii. 674, and iv. 216 and 532.

After 1842, exports played a very small part, and imports continued to increase; in 1847, 4,612,110 quarters of wheat and flour came in; and the following figures show their growth in recent times:—­