29.  What was the consequence of this heroic act?

30.  What happened this year, and what was the character of Camil’lus?

FOOTNOTES: 

[1] These laws were engraven on brass, and hung up in the most conspicuous part of the Forum.

[2] They were, however, defeated, first by the consul Vale’rius, and next still more decisively by the consuls Quinc’tius and Fu’rius.

[3] The duty of the censors, at first, was merely to perform the census, or numbering of the people.  It was by degrees that they became Magistri Morum, or inspectors and regulators of men’s lives and manners.

[4] They appointed an extraordinary magistrate, under the title of superintendent of provisions, and the person named for this office, L. Minutius, an active and prudent man, immediately sent his agents into the neighbouring countries to buy corn; but little, however was procured, as Maelius had been beforehand with him. (Liv. l. iv. c. 13, 14.)

[5] The guilt of Mae’lius was never proved, and no arms were found when his house was searched.  The charge of aiming at royalty is more than absurd; it is morally impossible.  He seems to have aimed at opening the higher offices of state to the plebeians, and to have looked upon the consulship with too eager desire.  He fell a sacrifice, to deter the plebeians from aiming at breaking up a patrician monopoly of power.  It is painful to see Cincinna’tus, at the close of a long and illustrious life, countenancing, if not suggesting this wanton murder.  But, as Niebuhr remarks, “no where have characters been more cruel, no where has the voice of conscience against the views of faction been so defied, as in the aristocratic republics, and not those of antiquity only.  Men, otherwise of spotless conduct, have frequently shed the purest and noblest blood, influenced by fanaticism, and often without any resentment, in the service of party.”

[6] The account of the siege of Ve’ii is full of improbabilities, and the story of the mine is utterly impossible, for without a compass and a good plan of the city, such a work could not have been formed.  That Ve’ii, however, was besieged and taken at this time is very certain, but that is the only part of the legend on which we can rely.

[7] The as was a brass coin, about three farthings of our money.

[8] This day was from henceforth marked as unlucky in their calendar, and called Allien’sis.

[9] Among others, the Vestals fled from the city, carrying with them the two Palladiums and the sacred fire.  They took shelter at Caere, a town of Etru’ria, where they continued to celebrate their religious rites; from this circumstance religious rites acquired the name of ceremonies.

[10] This self-devotion was in consequence of a vow made by these brave old men, which Fa’bius, the Pontifex Maximus, pronounced in their names.  The Romans believed that, by thus devoting themselves to the internal gods, disorder and confusion were brought among the enemy.