a stroke of 7 in.  This ram gives only a limited pressure, and the arrangements are such as to obtain this pressure upon each press in about fourteen seconds.  This pump then automatically ceases running, and the work is taken up by a second plunger, having a ram 1 in. diameter and stroke of 7 in., the second pump continuing its work until a gross pressure of two tons per square inch is attained, which is the maximum, and is arrived at in less than two minutes.  For shutting off the communication between the presses, the stop valves are so arranged that either press may be let down, or set to work without in the smallest degree affecting the other.  The oil from the presses is caught in an oil tank behind, from which an oil pump, worked by an eccentric, forces it in any desired direction.  The cakes, on being withdrawn from the press, are stripped of the bagging and cut to size in a specially arranged paring machine, which is placed off the bed-plate behind the kettle, and is driven by the pulley shown on the main shaft.  The paring machine is also fitted with an arrangement for reducing the parings to meal, which is returned to the kettle, and again made up into cakes.  The presses shown have corrugated press plates of Messrs. Rose, Downs & Thompson’s latest type, but the cakes produced by this process can have any desired name or brand in block letters put upon them.  The edges on the upper plate, it may be added, are found of great use in crushing some classes of green or moist seed.  The plant, of which we give illustrations opposite, is constructed to crush about four tons of seed per day of eleven hours, and the manual labor has been so reduced to a minimum that it is intended to be worked by one man, who moulds and puts the twenty-four cakes into the presses, and while they are under pressure is engaged paring the cakes that have been previously pressed.  In crushing castor-oil seed, a decorticating machine or separator can be combined with the mill, but in such a case the engine and boiler would require to be made larger.—­The Engineer.

[Illustration:  An English adaptation of the American oil mill.]

* * * * *

APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING SUBSTANCES CONTAINED IN THE WASTE WATERS OF PAPER MILLS, ETC.

For extracting such useful materials as are contained in the waste waters of paper mills, cloth manufactories, etc., and, at the same time, for purifying such waters, Mr. Schuricht, of Siebenlehn, employs a sort of filter like that shown in the annexed Figs. 1 and 2, and underneath which he effects a vacuum.

[Illustration:  SCHURICHTS filtering apparatus.  Fig. 1.]