the leading headman on the river, with many of his followers.  They are greatly aided in this by the successful revolt of these Indians against the Mahometan chief Corralat, in which they ask and receive the assistance of the Spanish troops stationed at Tandag.  From the records of the provincial chapter held at Manila in 1650 is compiled a list of the Recollect convents in Mindanao and Calamianes, with the number of families attached to each.  The writer goes on to relate some of the trials, hardships, and dangers experienced by the Recollect missionaries in their work, several being martyrs to their zeal.  In 1624 is held the first chapter meeting of the new Recollect province of Filipinas; Fray Onofre de la Madre de Dios is chosen provincial, and certain regulations for the conduct of the religious of the order there are adopted.

With these earlier narratives may be compared that of Juan de la Concepcion, in his Historia (vols. iv and v), which contains some matter additional to the others, although his account is largely drawn from these.  The Recollects, like the Jesuits, form “reductions” of their scattered converts, in order to carry on their instruction more advantageously.  The difficulties between the observantine and reformed branches of the Augustinian order are recounted with some fulness.  A singular epidemic of demoniacal obsession at Cavite is dispelled by the religious services held at the new Recollect church there.  At the request of the bishop of Cebu, the discalced Augustinians extend their work—­a reenforcement of missionaries having arrived from Spain—­to the Visayan Islands and to Mindanao (1622); some account of their successes in the latter region is given.  They also push forward into the Calamianes Islands and Paragua (1622).  Of these islands the writer presents an interesting account, describing their principal products and natural resources, as well as the character and religious beliefs of the natives.  Among these people, unusually brutal and fierce, go the undaunted Recollects, and soon establish flourishing missions, collecting the people in “reductions.”  Then they send to Manila a request that Spanish soldiers come and take possession of Paragua, which is done.  The missions spread farther, and a large part of the island is subdued to the Christian faith and the crown of Spain.

The Editors

October, 1904.

DOCUMENTS OF 1624

Ecclesiastical affairs of the Philippines.  Miguel Garcia Serrano, and others; 1574-1624.  Conflict between civil and religious authorities in Manila. [Unsigned and undated; 1624?] Seminary for Japanese missionaries.  Alvaro de Messa y Lugo, and others; July 23-August 5.  Extract from letter to Felipe iv.  Miguel Garcia Serrano; August 15.  Royal orders regarding the religious.  Felipe iv; August-December.

Sources:  The first of these documents is obtained from Pastells’s edition of Celin’s Labor evangelica, iii, pp. 674-697; the second, from the Ventura del Arco MSS. (Ayer library), i, pp. 515-523; the others, from the Archivo general de Indias, Sevilla—­save the second of the “Royal orders,” from the “Cedulario Indico” of the Archivo Historico Nacional, Madrid.