waiting for passage to California.  There were thousands of them.  Those who came on the “Crescent City” had engaged passage on the Pacific side also; but such was the demand among the multitude at Panama for the means of transportation, that some of the steerage passengers sold their tickets from that place to San Francisco for $750 apiece and took their chances of getting on cheaper.  These sales, notwithstanding they appeared at the time to be great bargains, proved, in most cases, to be very unfortunate transactions; for the poor fellows who thus sold their tickets, besides losing their time, exposed themselves to the malaria of an unhealthy coast.  There was in fact a good deal of sickness already among those on the Isthmus, and many deaths afterwards occurred; and among those who survived there was much suffering before they could get away.

The vessel that conveyed us, and by “us” I mean the passengers of the “Crescent City,” and as many others as could by any possibility procure passage from Panama to San Francisco was the old steamer “California.”  She was about one thousand tons burden; but probably no ship of two thousand ever carried a greater number of passengers on a long voyage.  When we came to get under way, there did not seem to be any spare space from stem to stern.  There were over twelve hundred persons on board, as I was informed.[2] Unfortunately many of them carried with them the seeds of disease.  The infection contracted under a tropical sun, being aggravated by hardships, insufficient food, and the crowded condition of the steamer, developed as the voyage proceeded.  Panama fever in its worst form broke out; and it was not long before the main deck was literally covered with the sick.  There was a physician attached to the ship; but unfortunately he was also prostrated.  The condition of things was very sad and painful.

Among the passengers taken sick were two by the name of Gregory Yale and Stephen Smith; and I turned myself into a nurse and took care of them.  Mr. Yale, a gentleman of high attainments, and who afterwards occupied a prominent place at the bar of the State, was for a portion of the time dangerously ill, and I believe that but for my attentions he would have died.  He himself was of this opinion, and afterwards expressed his appreciation of my attention in every way he could.  In the many years I knew him he never failed to do me a kindness whenever an opportunity presented.  Finally, on the evening of December 28, 1849, after a passage of twenty-two days from Panama, we reached San Francisco, and landed between eight and nine o’clock that night.

[1] The first article was entitled “The Oregon Question,” and the
    second “The Edinburgh and Foreign Quarterly on the Oregon
    Question.”

[2] Note.—­The number of passengers reported to the journals of
    San Francisco on the arrival of the steamer was much less
    than this, probably to avoid drawing attention to the
    violation of the statute which restricted the number.