shafts fall, and the 5th and 7th rise. 4th change.  The 6th and 8th shafts fall, and the 2d and 4th shafts rise.  The result is that each weft thread, a, passes under six warp threads, b, and over two warp threads, in the manner illustrated by the accompanying diagram.  In drawing in, when four heald shafts are employed, the 1st warp end is drawn in through the 1st heald shaft, the 2d through the 2d shaft, the 3d through the 1st, the 4th through the 2d, the 5th through the 3d, the 6th through the 4th, the 7th through the 3d, and 8th through the 4th shaft, and repeating with the 9th end through the 1st shaft.  In shedding, the 1st heald shaft is lowered, then the 3d, then the 2d, and then 4th.  The result, in this case, is still the same, viz., that each weft thread passes under six warp ends and over two warp ends.  Although a cotton warp is spoken of in some cases, worsted or other yarn can be added to the cotton warp to obtain a variation in the pattern or design.—­Jour. of Fabrics.

[Illustration]

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REVERSIBLE INGRAIN OR PRO-BRUSSELS CARPET.

The object of this invention is to manufacture, in a cheap fabric, a closer imitation of Brussels carpets.  As is well known, an ordinary Brussels carpet is made with a pattern on one side only, but according to this invention, it is intended to produce a pattern on both sides of the ingrain or pro-Brussels carpet, so that it will be reversible.  In manufacturing a reversible carpet of this class according to the present invention, the pattern is formed by means of the warp and weft combined, and any suitable ingrain warp operated by the harness or jacquard of the loom may be used.  In combination with ingrain warp, a fine catching or binding warp, operated by the gear or jacquard harness of the loom, is employed, such fine catching warp being used to bind the weft into the fabric, therefore, if the fabric be woven two-ply, the ingrain warps are thrown on both the under and upper surfaces of the fabric, as well as in between the weft, according to the pattern being woven, by which means four colors are shown on both sides of the fabric, two being produced by the weft, and two by the ingrain warps.  More than four colors, however, can be produced upon each side by multiplying the number of colored wefts and warps employed.  If the fabric woven be a three-ply, with the addition of the ingrain warps thrown on each face of the fabric, then five or more colors would be imparted to the carpet, as any number of colors can be used to form a given pattern, by planting or arranging the colors in the warp, and the remaining colors by the wefts, and so on.  The ingrain warp thread, therefore, together with the weft, used as stated above, produces an effective pattern on both sides of the carpet; consequently, it becomes reversible, and this can be accomplished whether the carpet woven be two, three,