at a feast poisoned him with all his followers.  After this tragedy, it happened that the daughter of Kunjavati, the sister of Jhajhar and Hardaul, was about to be married.  Kunjavati accordingly sent an invitation to Jhajhar Singh, requesting him to attend the wedding.  He refused, and mockingly replied that she had better invite her favourite brother Hardaul.  Thereupon she went in despair to his tomb and lamented aloud.  Hardaul from below answered her cries, and said that he would come to the wedding and make all arrangements.  The ghost kept his promise, and arranged the nuptials as befitted the honour of his house.  Subsequently, he visited at night the bedside of Akbar, and besought the emperor to command chabutras to be erected and honour paid to him in every village throughout the empire, promising that, if he were duly honoured, a wedding should never be marred by storm or rain, and that no one who first presented a share of his meal to Hardaul should ever want for food.  Akbar complied with these requests, and since that time Hardaul’s ghost has been worshipped in every village.  He is chiefly honoured at weddings and in Baisakh (April-May), during which month the women, especially those of the lower castes, visit his chabutra and eat there.  His chabutra is always built outside the village.  On the day but one before the arrival of a wedding procession, the women of the family worship the gods and Hardaul, and invite them to the wedding.  If any signs of a storm appears, Hardaul is propitiated with songs ’(J.A.S.B., vol. xliv (1875), Part I, p. 389).  The belief that Hardaul worship and cholera had been introduced at the same time prevailed in Hamirpur, as elsewhere.  The chabutra referred to in the above extract is a small platform built of mud or masonry.

8.  The Hyphasis is the Greek name for the river Bias in the Panjab.  Holkar’s flight into the Panjab occurred in 1805, and in the same year the long war with him was terminated by a treaty, much too favourable to the marauding chief.  He became insane a few years later, and died in 1811.

9.  See note 2,_ante_.

10.  Narsinghpur and Kandeli are practically one town.  The Government offices and houses of the European residents are in Kandeli, which is a mile east of Narsinghpur.  The original name of Narsinghpur was Gadaria Khera.  The modern name is due to the erection of a large temple to Narsingha, one of the forms of Vishnu.  The district of Narsinghpur lies in the Nerbudda valley, west and south-west of Jubbulpore.

11.  All classes of Indians still frequently refuse to employ any medicines in cases of either cholera or small-pox, supposing that the attempt to use ordinary human means is an insult to, and a defiance of, the Deity.

12.  Vaccination was not practised in India in those days.  The practice of it, although still unpopular in most places, has extended sufficiently to check greatly the ravages of small-pox.  In many municipal towns vaccination is compulsory.