it is exceedingly difficult for such a person to observe the high vow of abstention from meat, a vow that assures every creature by dispelling all fear.  That learned person who giveth to all living creatures the Dakshina of complete assurance comes to be regarded, without doubt, as the giver of life-breaths in this world.[524] Even this is the high religion which men of wisdom applaud.  The life-breaths of other creatures are as dear to them as those of one’s to one’s own self.  Men endued with intelligence and cleansed souls should always behave towards other creatures after the manner of that behaviour which they like others to observe towards themselves.  It is seen that even those men who are possessed of learning and who seek to achieve the highest good in the form of Emancipation, are not free from the fear of death.  What need there be said of those innocent and healthy creatures endued with love of life, when they are sought to be slain by sinful wretches subsisting by slaughter?  For this reason, O monarch, know that the discarding of meat is the highest refuge of religion, of heaven, and of happiness.  Abstention from injury is the highest religion.  It is, again, the highest penance.  It is also the highest truths from which all duty proceeds.  Flesh cannot be had from grass or wood or stone.  Unless a living creature is slain, it cannot be had.  Hence is the fault in eating flesh.  The deities who subsist upon Swaha, Swadha, and nectar, are devoted to truth and sincerity.  Those persons, however, who are for gratifying the sensation of taste, should be known as Rakshasas wedded to the attribute of Passion.  That man who abstains from meat, is never put in fear, O king, by any creature, wherever he may be, viz., in terrible wildernesses or inaccessible fastnesses, by day or by night, or at the two twilights, in the open squares of towns or in assemblies of men, from upraised weapons or in places where there is great fright from wild animals or snakes.  All creatures seek his protection.  He is an object of confidence with all creatures.  He never causes any anxiety in others, and himself has never to become anxious.  If there were nobody who ate flesh there would then be nobody to kill living creatures.  The man who kills living creatures kill them for the sake of the person who eats flesh.  If flesh were regarded as inedible, there would then be no slaughter of living creatures.  It is for the sake of the eater that the slaughter of living creatures goes on in the world.  Since, O thou of great splendour, the period of life is shortened of persons who slaughter living creatures or cause them to be slaughtered, it is clear that the person who wishes his own good should give up meat entirely.  Those fierce persons who are engaged in slaughter of living creatures, never find protectors when they are in need.  Such persons should always be molested and persecuted even as beasts of prey.  Through cupidity or stupefaction of the understanding, for