or alone.  While going along a road, one should, standing aside, always make way to a Brahmana, to kine, to kings, to an old man, to one that is weighted with a burden, to a woman quick with child, or to one that is weak.  When one meets a large tree that is known, one should walk round it.  One should also, when coming upon a spot where four roads meet, walk round it before pursuing one’s journey.  At midday, or at midnight, or at night in general, or at the two twilights, one should not proceed to spots where four roads meet.  One should never wear sandals or clothes that have been worn by another.  One should always observe the vow of Brahmacharya, and should never cross one’s legs.  One should observe the vow of Brahmacharya on the day of the new moon, as also on that of the full moon, as also on the eighth lunar day of both fortnights.  One should never eat the flesh of animals not slain in sacrifice.  One should never eat the flesh of the back of an animal.  One should avoid censuring and calumniating others, as also all kinds of deceitful behaviour.[461] One should never pierce others with wordy shafts.  Indeed, one should never utter any cruel speech.  One should never accept a gift from a person that is low and vulgar.  One should never jitter such words as trouble other people or as are inauspicious or are as’ sinful.  Wordy shafts fall from the mouth.  Pierced therewith, the victim grieves day and night.  The man of wisdom should never shot them for piercing the vitals of other people.  A forest, pierced with shafts or cut down with the axe, grows again.  The man, however, that is pierced with words unwisely spoken, becomes the victim of wounds that fester and lead to death.[462] Barbed arrows and Nalikas and broadheaded shafts are capable of being extracted from the body.  Wordy shafts, however, are incapable of being extracted, for they lie embedded in the very heart.  One should not taunt a person that is defective of a limb or that has a limb in excess, or one that is destitute of learning, or one that is miserable, or one that is ugly or poor, or one that is destitute of strength.  One should avoid atheism, calumniating the Vedas, censuring the deities, malice, pride, arrogance, and harshness.  One should not, in wrath, take up the rod of chastisement for laying it upon another.  Only the son or the pupil, it has been said, can be mildly chastised for purposes of instruction.  One should not speak ill of Brahmanas; nor should he point at the stars with one’s fingers.  If asked, one should not say what the lunation is on a particular day.  By telling it, one’s life becomes shortened.  Having answered calls of nature or having walked over a road, one should wash one’s feet.  One should also wash one’s feet before sitting to recite the Vedas or to eat any food.  These are the three things which are regarded as pure and sacred by the deities and as such fit for the Brahmana’s use, viz., that whose impurity is unknown, that which has been