the trident, the mallet, the arrow, the thick and short club, the battle-axe, the discus, the noose, the heavy bludgeon, the rapier, the lance, and in fact of every kind of weapon that exists on earth.  Chastisement moves in the world.  Indeed, Chastisement moves on earth, piercing and cutting and afflicting and lopping off and dividing and striking and slaying and rushing against its victims.  These, O Yudhishthira, are some of the names which Chastisement bears, viz., Sword, Sabre, Righteousness, Fury, the Irresistible, the Parent of prosperity, Victory, Punisher, Checker, the Eternal, the Scriptures, Brahmana, Mantra, Avenger, the Foremost of first Legislators, Judge, the Undecaying, God, the individual whose course is irresistible, the Ever-agoing, the First. born, the individual without affections, the Soul of Rudra, the eldest Manu and the great Benefactor Chastisement is the holy Vishnu.  He is the puissant Narayana.  And because he always assumes a terrible form, therefore he is called Mahapurusha.  His wife Morality is also known by the names of Brahmana’s Daughter, Lakshmi, Vriti, Saraswati, and Mother of the universe.  Chastisement thus has many forms.  Blessings and curse, pleasure and pain, righteousness and unrighteousness, strength and weakness, fortune and misfortune, merit and demerit, virtue and vice, desire and aversion, season and month, night and day, and hour, heedfulness and heedlessness, joy and anger, peace and self-restraint, destiny and exertion, salvation and condemnation, fear and fearlessness, injury and abstention from injury, penances and sacrifice and rigid abstinence, poison and healthy food, the beginning, the middle, and the end, the result of all murderous acts, insolence, insanity, arrogance, pride, patience, policy, impolicy, powerlessness and power, respect, disrespect, decay and stability, humility, charity, fitness of time and unfitness of time, falsehood, wisdom, truth, belief, disbelief, impotence, trade, profit, loss, success, defeat, fierceness, mildness, death, acquisition and non-acquisition, agreement and disagreement, that which should be done and that which should not be done, strength and weakness, malice and goodwill, righteousness and unrighteousness, shame and shamelessness, modesty, prosperity and adversity, energy, acts, learning, eloquence, keenness of Understanding,—­all these, O Yudhishthira, are forms of Chastisement in this world.  Hence, Chastisement is exceedingly multiform.  If Chastisement had not existed, all creatures would have ground one another.  Through fear of Chastisement.  O Yudhisthira, living creatures do not slay one another.  The subjects, O king, always protected by Chastisement, enhance the might of their ruler.  It is for this that Chastisement is regarded as the foremost refuge of all.  Chastisement, O king, quickly sets the world on the path of righteousness.  Dependent upon truth, righteousness exists in the Brahmanas.  Endued with righteousness, foremost of Brahmanas became attached to the Vedas.  From