Nova Zembla, 124

Nyborg, 231

Nymphenburg, 307

Obdam, see Wassenaer

Oberstein, Count, 66

Observateur, the, 385

Ogle, Colonel, 133

Oldenbarneveldt, John van, Advocate, pensionary, 83,
  85-91, 96, 100 ff., 104, 106 ff., 117, 119 ff., 123,
  127-138, 140 ff., 165, 188, 193, 225, 257

Oldenzaal, 96, 104

Olinda, 171 f., 174

Oliva, peace of, 231

Ommelanden, 73

Ondaatje, party leader, 333

Oostergoo, 114

Ootmarsum, 96

Oquendo, Antonio de, Admiral, 151 f., 173 ff.

Orange, Princes of, see Fred. Henry, Maurice, Philip William, William

Orange-Nassau, house of, 115 f., 396 f., 421, 423, 429

Orchies, 21, 71

Orinoco, the, 170, 177

Orleans, Duke of, see Louis Philippe

Orloff, Count Alexis, 401

Ormonde, Duke of, 289, 295 f.

Ostade, Adrian van, 200

Ostade, Isaac van, 200

Ostend, 82, 101 ff., 290, 292, 302, 308, 310, 318, 330

Ostend Company, 302 f.

Otto, branch of house of Nassau, 374

Oudenarde, 291, 309 f.

Oudinot, Marshal, 359 ff.

Ouwerkerk, field-marshal, 288

Overyssel, passim

Oxenstierna, Axel, 148, 179-182, 188

Oxford, Earl of, Colonel, 147

Painting, art of, 199 f., 432

Palembang, 275

Palmerston, Lord, 396, 400-403

Pangeran, the, native ruler, 161

Pappenheim, commanding Imperialist army, 146

Para, 178

Paris,_passim_;
  treaties of, 319, 369, 373, 376, 396

Parker, Hyde, Vice-Admiral, 329

Parma, 43

Partition treaties, 281 f.

Pater, Adrian Jansz, 170, 173 f.

Patrician oligarchy, 113, 300, 304, 315, 332, 344

Patriot party, 332-336, 344

Paul IV, Pope, 32

Paul of Russia, Emperor, 352

Paulus, Pieter, 344, 347 ff.

Pauw, Adrian, pensionary, 145, 148, 157, 204, 209, 214 f., 218

Pauw, Reinier, 131, 137

“Pays de par deca,” 3 f.

Peace Congress, the first (1899), 426

Pecquinius, Chancellor of Brabant, 140

Penaranda, Spanish envoy, 157

Penn, naval commander, 216

Pennington, Vice-Admiral, 151 f.

Pernambuco, 171, 173 f.

“Perpetual Edict,” the, 67

Perre, Paulus van der, 214

Perrenot, Nicholas, 28

Peru, 170, 275

Peter the Great, Tsar, 302

Philibert, Prince of Orange-Chalons, 30

Philip II of Spain, 6, 22, 25-36, 39-42, 45, 47 ff., 49,
  52, 57, 61-64, 67, 70, 73-76, 80, 83 f., 86, 92 ff.,
  96 f., 99, 183, 187, 281