to dominate their neighbours. A change far deeper
than a change in the form of Government is needed.
The claim put forward both by word and deed to impose
the German will on others by organised force of any
kind must be abandoned utterly, if the world is to
be really at peace with Germany and with those whom
Germany has been able to compel or to beguile into
alliance with her. The conflict is not simply
between autocracy or oligarchy and democracy, but
between different ideals and diametrically opposed
notions of duty. The conception of their State
as an organisation carefully arranged to impose its
will on others regardless of their feelings and their
rights must be eradicated. Democracy and Liberty
do not necessarily go together. There may be
democracy without liberty, and it is possible though
not probable that there may be real liberty without
the form of democracy. An enlightened monarch,
governing as well as reigning, may express the real
will of a nation more truly than the vote of a majority
of representatives; and individual liberty may be
more secure under such a monarch than when it is dependent
on the result of divisions taken when party passion
is running high. But such a rule must lack the
element of stability. The Antonines pass away
and Commodus and Heliogabalus rule in their place.
Permanent strength and settled liberty are best secured
when the acts of Government are the expression of
the conscious will of the nation as a whole, where
the people think out for themselves the general lines
of action and the Government is their minister.
It is not enough that there should be a just rule
in which they acquiesce, but it is they themselves
who should act—through agents, no doubt—and
learn the habit of forming right judgments and acting
justly. To deny him a share in political life—that
is, in deciding the action of the State to which he
belongs—is to deprive a man of one of those
“activities of the soul which constitute happiness,”
to take from him one of the things that makes a full
life for those who really live among their fellows.
There may always be a few who live apart, contemplative
souls
insphered
In regions mild, of calm and
serene air,
Above the smoke and stir of
this dim spot
Which men call earth.
Some may build themselves a Palace of Art where they
may live alone; some may sink themselves in luxury
or repose in sluggish indifference, careless of the
life of others round them, with neither the heart to
feel nor head to understand anything beyond their own
immediate wants. But the highest aim and fullest
life for man generally—as “an animal
more social than the bee”—is
To go and join head and heart
and hand,
Active and firm to fight the
bloodless fight
Of science, freedom, and the
truth in Christ.
Political action may be one of the means of carrying
on that fight. Is it not one of the “rights
of man” to be allowed to join in it?