serve only to refute false conceptions and offer little practical guidance.  What is wanted is a clear recognition of the fact that progress depends on collective effort acting through representative machinery, the efficiency of which depends on the extent to which the principles of organization and responsible leadership are operative. The question with which democratic countries are faced to-day is this:  Must it be acknowledged that the people are unfit for self-government, or is the representative machinery defective?  We have supported the view that the latter is the case as regards English-speaking-countries at all events; and we have shown that in British countries the remedy lies in improved electoral machinery, while in the United States both electoral and parliamentary machinery are at fault.

FOOTNOTES: 

[9] “Principles of Ethics.”

[10] “Collected Essays,” vol. ix., p. 83.

[11] Ibid., p. 85.

[12] “Collected Essays,” vol. i., pp. 275-276.