4. How many Substitutes has a long?
  Four.

  5. What are they?
  E in tete; ei in feint; ey in they; and ao in gaol.

  6. How many Substitutes has a middle?
  Two.

  7. What are they?
  E in there; and ei in heir.

  8. How many Substitutes has a broad?
  Two.

  9. What are they?
  O in cord; and ou in sought.

  10. How many Substitutes has e long?
  Three.

  11. What are they?
  I in marine; ie in fiend; and ay in quay.

  12. How many Substitutes has e short?
  Two.

  13. What are they?
  A in says; and u in bury.

  14. How many Substitutes has i long?
  Two.

  15. What are they?
  Y in chyme; and oi in choir.

  16. How many Substitutes has i short?
  Six.

  17. What are they?
  Y in hymn; e in England; u in busy; o in women; ee in
          been; and ai in captain.

  18. How many Substitutes has o long?
  Two.

  19. What are they?
  Eau in beau; and ew in sew.

  20. How many Substitutes has o short?
  One.

  21. What is it?
  A in what.

  22. How many Substitutes has u long?
  One.

  23. What is it?
  Ew in new.

  24. How many Substitutes has u short?
  Three.

  25. What are they?
  E in her; i in sir; and o in son.

  26. How many Substitutes has u medial?
  One.

  27. What is it?
  O in wolf.

  28. How many Substitutes has F?
  Two.

  29. What are they?
  Gh in laugh; and ph in philosophy.

  30. How many Substitutes has J?
  Three.

  31. What are they?
  G in rage; di in soldier; and d in verdure.

  32. How many Substitutes has S?
  Two.

  33. What are they?
  C soft, as in central; and z in quartz.

  34. How many Substitutes has T?
  One.

  35. What is it?
  Ed final, after any aspirate except t.

  36. How many Substitutes has V?
  One.

  37. What is it?
  F in of.

  38. How many Substitutes has W?
  One.

  39. What is it?
  U in quick.

  40. How many Substitutes has X?
  One.

  41. What is it?
  Ks in exist.