distinctly visible.  The latter was a remarkable headland, having at its extremity two small table-hills, somewhat resembling boats turned bottom upward, and was named cape Hotham.  At sunset we had a clear and extensive view to the northward, between Cape Hotham and the eastern land.  On the latter, several headlands were discovered and named; between the northernmost of these, called cape Bowden, and the island to the westward, there was a channel of more than eight leagues in width, in which neither land nor ice could be seen from the masthead.  To this noble channel I gave the name of Wellington.  The arrival off this grand opening was an event for which we had long been looking with much anxiety and impatience; for the continuity of land to the northward had always been a source of uneasiness to us, principally from the possibility that it might take a turn to the southward and unite with the coast of America.  The appearance of this broad opening, free from ice, and of the land on each side of it, more especially that on the west, leaving scarcely a doubt on our minds of the latter being an island, relieved us from all anxiety on that score; and every one felt that we were now finally disentangled from the land which forms the western side of Baffin’s Bay; and that, in fact, we had actually entered the Polar Sea.

Though two thirds of the month of August had now elapsed, I had every reason to be satisfied with the progress which we had hitherto made.  I calculated upon the sea being navigable for six weeks to come, and probably more, if the state of the ice would permit us to edge away to the southward in our progress westerly:  our prospects, indeed, were truly exhilarating; the ships had suffered no injury; we had plenty of provisions; crews in high health and spirits; a sea, if not open, at least navigable; and a zealous and unanimous determination, in both officers and men, to accomplish, by all possible means, the grand object on which we had the happiness to be employed.

CHAPTER III.

Favourable Appearances of an open Westerly Passage.—­Land to the Northward, a Series of Islands.—­General Appearance of them.—­Meet with some Obstruction from low Islands surrounded with Ice.—­Remains of Esquimaux Huts, and natural Productions of Byam Martin Island.—­Tedious Navigation from Fogs and Ice.—­Difficulty of Steering a Proper Course.—­Arrival and Landing on Melville Island.—­Proceed to the Westward, and reach the Meridian of 110 deg.  W. Long., the first Stage in the Scale of Rewards granted by Act of Parliament.