they had lacked the opportunity to identify themselves with it.  Mrs. Jennie F. Willing presided over the convention, which was one of the most earnest and enthusiastic ever held.  A constitution was adopted, also a plan of organization intended to reach every hamlet, town and city in the land.  There was a declaration of principles, of which Christianity alone could have furnished the animus.  An appeal to the women of our country was provided for; another to the girls of America; a third to lands beyond the sea; a memorial to Congress was ordered, and a deputation to carry it appointed; a National temperance paper, to be edited and published by women, was agreed upon, also a financial plan, asking for a cent a week from members; and last, not least, was appointed a special committee on temperance work among the children.  Four large mass-meetings were held during the convention, all of them addressed by women.  Mrs. Annie Wittenmyer, of Philadelphia, was elected president; Miss Frances E. Willard, of Chicago, corresponding secretary; Mrs. Mary C. Johnson, of Brooklyn, recording secretary; Mrs. Mary A. Ingham, of Cleveland, treasurer, with one vice-president from each State represented in the convention.”

The spirit of this assembly of workers is shown in the closing resolution, which it adopted unanimously: 

“Resolved, That, recognizing the fact that our cause is, and is to be, combated by mighty, determined and relentless forces, we will, trusting in Him who is the Prince of Peace, meet argument with argument, misjudgment with patience, denunciation with kindness, and all our difficulties and dangers with prayer.”

FIRST YEAR’S WORK.

During the first year six State organizations were added to the number represented in the beginning, including scores of local unions.  A monthly paper was established; a deputation of women sent to Congress with a memorial, to which hundreds of thousands of signatures had been obtained, asking for inquiry and legislation in regard to the liquor traffic; a manual of “Hints and Helps,” concerning methods of temperance work, prepared and issued; and other agencies of reform, and for the extermination of the liquor traffic, set in motion.

The reports from State Unions, made to the first annual meeting, held in Cincinnati, November, 1875, were, in most cases, highly encouraging.  In Ohio, a large number of local unions were formed, nearly two hundred friendly inns established, while reading-rooms, juvenile societies and young people’s leagues were reported as multiplying all over the State.  Indiana showed effective work in the same direction; so did Illinois.  In both of these States many local unions, reform clubs and juvenile organizations came into existence, while the work of temperance agitation was carried on with untiring vigor.  Iowa reported fifty local unions, eleven juvenile societies, seven reform clubs and six coffee-houses and reading-rooms.  But, how better can we sum up the results of this year’s work, and how better give a clear idea of the new forces which were coming into the field under the leadership of women, than by giving an extract from the first annual report of the corresponding secretary, Miss Frances E. Willard: