Above all, he does not know that he is losing the capacity for pleasure.  Indeed, if it were suggested that such a change was going on in him he would be vexed and distressed.  He would cry out:  “Don’t you make any mistake!  I could amuse myself as well as any man, if only I got the chance!” And yet, how many tens of thousands of plain and (as it is called) successful men have been staggered to discover, when ambition was achieved and the daily yoke thrown off and the direct search for immediate happiness commenced, that the relish for pleasure had faded unnoticed away—­proof enough that they had neither examined nor understood themselves!  There is no more ingenuous soul, in affairs of supreme personal importance than your wise plain man, whom all his friends consult for his sagacity.

Mind, I am not hereby accusing the plain man of total spiritual blindness—­any more than I would accuse him of total physical blindness because he cannot see how he looks to others when he walks into a room.  For nobody can see all round himself, nor know absolutely all about his own case; and he who boasts that he can is no better than a fool, despite his wisdom; he is not even at the beginning of any really useful wisdom.  But I do accuse my plain man of deliberately shutting his eyes, from pride and from sloth.  I do say that he might know a great deal more about his case than he actually does know, if only he would cease from pitying and praising himself in the middle of the night, and tackle the business of self-examination in a rational, vigorous, and honest fashion—­not in the dark, but in the sane sunlight.  And I do further say that a self-examination thus properly conducted might have results which would stultify those outrageous remarks of his to his wife.

III

Few people—­in fact, very few people indeed—­ever realize the priceless value of the ancient counsel:  “Know thyself.”  It seems so trite, so ordinary.  It seems so easy to acquire, this knowledge.  Does not every one possess it?  Can it not be got by simply sitting down in a chair and yielding to a mood?  And yet this knowledge is just about as difficult to acquire as a knowledge of Chinese.  Certainly nine hundred and ninety-nine people out of a thousand reach the age of sixty before getting the rudiments of it.  The majority of us die in almost complete ignorance of it.  And none may be said to master it in all its exciting branches.  Why, you can choose any of your friends—­the wisest of them—­and instantly tell him something glaringly obvious about his own character and actions—­and be rewarded for your trouble by an indignantly sincere denial!  You had noticed it; all his friends had noticed it.  But he had not noticed it.  Far from having noticed it, he is convinced that it exists only in your malicious imagination.  For example, go to a friend whose sense of humour is notoriously imperfect, and say gently to him:  “Your sense of humour is imperfect, my friend,” and see how he will receive the information!  So much for the rarity of self-knowledge.