[1] This term does not appear in the ordinary dictionaries or Census
    reports.  Sir C. Lyall, with much probability, suggests that the
    correct form is Chalapdar, ‘a cymbal player’.

[2] A saint, Sayyid Ahmad Kabir, is buried at Bijaimandil, Delhi. 
    T.W.  Beale, Oriental Biographical Dictionary, s.v.

[3] Fire-walking is practised by many Musalman devotees.  In a case
    recorded on the NW. frontier, a fakir and other persons walked
    through a fire-trench and showed no signs of injury; others came out
    with blistered feet and were jeered at as unorthodox Musalmans; a
    young Sikh, shouting his Sikh battle-cry, performed the feat, and as
    he escaped uninjured, a riot was with difficulty prevented.—­T.L. 
    Pennell, Among the Wild Tribes of the Afghan Frontier, 1909, p. 37,
    See M.L.  Dames, ‘Ordeals by Fire in the Punjab’ (Journal
    Anthropological Society, Bombay, vol. iv).  The subject is fully
    discussed by Sir J. Frazer, The Golden Bough[3], part vii, vol. ii,
    1913, pp. 5 ff.

[4] Madari fakirs, who take their names from Badi-ud-din Madar
    Shah, a disciple of Shaikh Muhammad Taifuri Bastami, who
    died A.D. 1434 at the ago of 124 years, and is buried at Makanpur in
    the Cawnpur District, where an annual fair is held at his tomb.  On the
    anniversary of his death food is offered here, and amulets
    (baddhi) are hung round the necks of children.  Some light a
    charcoal fire, sprinkle ground sandalwood on it, and jumping into it,
    tread out the embers with their feet, shouting out dam Madar, ’by
    the breath of Madar!’ the phrase being regarded as a charm against
    snake-bite and scorpion stings.  After the fire-walk the feet of the
    performers are washed and are found to be uninjured.  Others vow a
    black cow, sacrifice it, and distribute the meat to beggars.  The rite
    is of Hindu origin, and Hindus believe that the saint is an
    incarnation of their god Lakshmana.—­Jaffur Sharreef, Qanoon-e-Islam,
    158 f.:  W. Crooke, Tribes and Castes of the NW.  P. and Oudh, iii.
    397 ff.

[5] Dafali, from daf, a drum.

[6] Mela.

[7] Shaikh Saddu is the special saint of women.  His name was
    Muhi-ud-din, and he lived at Amroha or Sambhal, in the United
    Provinces of Agra and Oudh.  Some unorthodox Musalmans offer food in
    the name, and hold a session, in which a female devotee becomes
    possessed.  A woman who wants a child says to her:  ’Lady!  I offer my
    life to you that I may have a child’, whereupon the devotee gives her
    betel which she has chewed, or sweets, and this is supposed to bring
    about the desired result (Jaffur Shurreef, Qanoon-e-Islam, 184 f:  W.
    Crooke, Popular Religion