[Illustration:  By Permission of Mr. D. J. Macdonald.  FIG 50 SACK PRINTING MACHINE]

The ownership of the bags can thus be shown distinctly by one of the many methods of colour printing, and if any firm desires to number their bags consecutively in order to provide a record of their stock, or for any other purpose, the bags may be so numbered by means of a special numbering machine, also made by Mr. D. J. Macdonald.

The last operation, excluding the actual delivery of the goods, is that of packing the pieces or bags in small compass by means of a hydraulic press.  The goods are placed on the lower moving table upon a suitable wrapping of some kind of jute cloth; when the requisite quantity has been placed thereon, the top and side wrappers are placed in position, and the pumps started in order to raise the bottom table and to squeeze the content between it and the top fixed table.  From 1 1/2 ton to 2 tons per square inch is applied according to the nature of the goods and their destination.  While the goods are thus held securely in position between the two plates, the wrappers a sewn together.  Then specially prepared hoops or metal bands are placed round the bale, and an ingenious and simple system, involving a buckle and two pins, adopted for fastening the bale.  The ends of the hoop or band are bent in a small press, and these bent ends are passed through a rectangular hole in the buckle and the pins inserted in the loops.  As soon as the hydraulic pressure is removed, the bale expands slightly, and the buckled hoop grips the bale securely.

Such is in brief the routine followed in the production of the fibre, the transformation of this fibre, first into yarn, and then into cloth, and the use of the latter in performing the function of the world’s common carrier.

INDEX

ACCUMULATOR
Assorting jute fibre.

BAG-MAKING
Bale opener
     opening
Baling cloth
     house
     press
     station
Bast layer (see also Fibrous layer)
Batch
Batchers
Batching
     apparatus
     carts or stalls
Batch-ticket
Beamer’s lease
Beaming
     (dry) direct from bank,
Blending
Bobbin winding
Bojah
Botanical features of jute plants
Breaker card
Brussels carpet
Bundle of jute.

CALCUTTA, jute machinery introduced into
Calender
     finish
Calenderoy
Carding
Card waste
Cargoes of jute
Chest finish
Clasp-rods
Conditioning fibre
Cops
Cop winding
Corchorus capsularis
     clitorius
Crisping and crisping machines
Cropping machine
Cultivation of jute
Cutting knife for jute fibre
Cuttings.

DAMPING machine
Defects in fibre and in handling
Designs or weaves
Differential motion
Dobby loom
Draft
Drafting
Drawing
  frames
    different kinds of
Drawing-in
Dressing and dressing machine
Drum
Drying jute fibre
Dust shaker.