Two penetrations will be made on a tangential surface, two on a radial, and one on each end of each specimen tested.  The choice between the two radial and between the two tangential surfaces and the distribution of the penetrations over the surfaces will be so made as to get a fair average of heart and sap, slow and fast growth, and spring and summer wood.  Specimens will be 2” X 2” X 6”.

Shear:  The tests will be made with a tool slightly modified from that shown in Circular 38.  The speed of descent of head will be 0.015 inch per minute.  The only measurements to be made are those of the shearing area.  The offset will be 1/8 inch.  Specimens will be 2” X 2” X 2-1/2” in size. (For definition of offset and form of test specimen, see Fig. 38.)

Cleavage:  The cleavage tests will be made on specimens of the form and size shown in Fig. 45.  The apparatus will be as shown in Fig. 44.  The maximum load only will be taken and the result expressed in pounds per inch of width.  The speed of the moving head will be 0.25 inch per minute.

Moisture Determinations

Moisture determinations will be made on all specimens tested except those to be photographed or kept for exhibit.  A 1-inch disk will be cut from near the point of failure of bending and compression parallel specimens, from the portion under the plate in the case of the compression perpendicular specimens, and from the centre of the hardness test specimens.  The beads from the shear specimens will be used as moisture disks.  In the case of the cleavage specimens a piece 1/2 inch thick will be split off parallel to the failure and used as a moisture disk.

RECORDS

All records will be standard.

PHOTOGRAPHS

Cross Sections

Just before cutting into sticks, the freshly cut end of at least one bolt from each tree will be photographed.  A scale of inches will be shown in this photograph.

Specimens

Three photographs will be made of a group consisting of four 2” X 2” X 30” specimens chosen from the material from each locality.  Two of these specimens will be representative of average growth, one of fast and one of slow growth.  These photographs will show radial, tangential, and end surfaces for each specimen.

Failures

Typical and abnormal failures of material from each site will be photographed.

Disposition of Material

The specimens photographed to show typical and abnormal failures will be saved for purposes of exhibit until deemed by the person in charge of the laboratory to be of no further value.

SHRINKAGE AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY

Appendix to Working Plan 124

PURPOSE OF WORK