The Mechanical Properties of Wood eBook

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Table of Contents
Section	Page

Start of eBook	1
PART III TIMBER TESTING	1
APPENDIX	1
ILLUSTRATIONS	1
PART I THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD	3
INTRODUCTION	3
FUNDAMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS AND DEFINITIONS	4
TENSILE STRENGTH	7
COMPRESSIVE OR CRUSHING STRENGTH	9
SHEARING STRENGTH	16
TRANSVERSE OR BENDING STRENGTH: BEAMS	19
TOUGHNESS: TORSION	31
HARDNESS	32
CLEAVABILITY	33
PART II FACTORS AFFECTING THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD	35
INTRODUCTION	35
RATE OF GROWTH	35
HEARTWOOD AND SAPWOOD	39
WEIGHT, DENSITY, AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY	42
COLOR	47
CROSS GRAIN	48
KNOTS	49
FROST SPLITS	50
SHAKES, GALLS, PITCH POCKETS	51
INSECT INJURIES[37]	53
MARINE WOOD-BORER INJURIES	53
FUNGOUS INJURIES[39]	54
PARASITIC PLANT INJURIES.[46]	56
LOCALITY OF GROWTH	56
SEASON OF CUTTING	58
WATER CONTENT[48]	60
TEMPERATURE	65
PRESERVATIVES	68
PART III TIMBER TESTING[56]	68
WORKING PLAN	68
FORMS OF MATERIAL TESTED	68
SIZE OF TEST SPECIMENS	69
MOISTURE DETERMINATION	70
MACHINE FOR STATIC TESTS	70
SPEED OF TESTING MACHINE	71
BENDING LARGE BEAMS	75
BENDING SMALL BEAMS	77
ENDWISE COMPRESSION	79
COMPRESSION ACROSS THE GRAIN	80
SHEAR ALONG THE GRAIN	81
IMPACT TEST	82
HARDNESS TEST: ABRASION AND INDENTATION	84
CLEAVAGE TEST	85
TENSION TEST PARALLEL TO THE GRAIN	86
TENSION TEST AT RIGHT ANGLES TO THE GRAIN	87
TORSION TEST[64]	87
SPECIAL TESTS	88
APPENDIX	89
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOODS GROWN IN THE UNITED STATES	89
PURPOSE OF WORK	89
MATERIAL	89
DETAILED INSTRUCTIONS	90
RECORDS	93
PHOTOGRAPHS	93
SHRINKAGE AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY	93
PURPOSE OF WORK	93
MATERIAL	94
RADIAL AND TANGENTIAL SHRINKAGE	94
VOLUMETRIC SHRINKAGE AND SPECIFIC GRAVITY	94
STRENGTH VALUES FOR STRUCTURAL TIMBERS	95
BIBLIOGRAPHY	111
	111
	112
	120
FOREST SERVICE	120
	122

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The Mechanical Properties of Wood from Project Gutenberg. Public domain.