CONFEDERATES

Jackson’s Division, 7200, Halltown. 
Ewell’s Division, 5000, Halltown
Ashby. 300, Wardensville road. 
Taylor’s Brigade, 8000, Berryville.
12th Georgia Regiment, 450, Front Royal.
2nd Virginia Regiment, 350, Loudoun Heights.

Night of May 30

FEDERALS

McDowell (Shields, 10,200, Front Royal. 
         (Ord, 9000, Piedmont. 
         (Bayard, 2000, Thoroughfare Gap. 
         (King, 10,000, near Catlett’s Station. 
Saxton, 7000, Harper’s Ferry. 
Banks, 8,600, Williamsport. 
Fremont, 15,000, Wardensville. 
Geary, 2000, Upperville.

CONFEDERATES

Army of Valley, 13,850, Winchester. 
Stonewall Brigade, 1600, Halltown.
2nd Virginia Regiment, 380, Loudoun Heights. 
Ashby, 300, Wardensville Road.

Night of May 31

CONFEDERATES

McDowell (Shields, Front Royal. 
         (Ord, Manassas Gap. 
         (King, Catlett’s Station. 
         (Bayard, Manassas Gap. 
Saxton, Harper’s Ferry. 
Banks, Williamsport. 
Fremont, Cedar Creek. 
Geary, Snicker’s and Ashby’s Gaps.

CONFEDERATES

Army of Valley, Strasburg. 
Stonewall Brigade, Newtown. 
Ashby, Cedar Creek,

Night of June 1

FEDERALS

McDowell (Shields, ten miles south of Front Royal. 
         (Ord, Front Royal. 
         (King, Haymarket. 
         (Bayard, Buckton. 
Saxton, Harper’s Ferry. 
Banks, Williamsport. 
Fremont, Cedar Creek. 
Geary, Snicker’s and Ashby’s Gaps.

CONFEDERATES

Army of Valley, Woodstock. 
Ashby, Tom’s Brook.

Total strength Federal 62,000
                Confederate 16,000

CHAPTER 1.11.  CROSS KEYS AND PORT REPUBLIC.

By the ignorant and the envious success in war is easily explained away.  The dead military lion, and, for that matter, even the living, is a fair mark for the heels of a baser animal.  The greatest captains have not escaped the critics.  The genius of Napoleon has been belittled on the ground that each one of his opponents, except Wellington, was only second-rate.  French historians have attributed Wellington’s victories to the mutual jealousy of the French marshals; and it has been asserted that Moltke triumphed only because his adversaries blundered.  Judged by this rule few reputations would survive.  In war, however, it is as impossible to avoid error as it is to avoid loss of life; but it is by no means simple either to detect or to take advantage of mistakes.