with the statesman’s wisdom of theory—­how present forces of national life are likely to be moved by future impulses of national will.  The politician could see the four hundred thousand voters who would give victory to some party in the near future.  It required the wisdom of the statesman to divine that the public opinion which would direct how these votes were to be cast, could most surely be created by an appeal to those generous “central ideas” of the human mind which favor equality against caste and freedom against slavery.  Perhaps the most distinctively representative quality these addresses exhibit is the patriotic spirit and faith which led him to declare so dogmatically in this campaign of 1856, what the nation called upon him a few years later to execute by the stern powers of war, “We do not want to dissolve the Union; you shall not.”

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[1] For David Wilmot, of Pennsylvania, 43; Preston King, of New York,
9; Charles Sumner, of Massachusetts, 36; Thomas H. Ford, of Ohio, 7;
Cassius M. Clay, of Kentucky, 3; Jacob Collamer, of Vermont, 15;
William F. Johnston, of Pennsylvania, 2; Nathaniel P. Banks, of
Massachusetts, 46; Henry Wilson, of Massachusetts, 7; William
Pennington, of New Jersey, 1; ——­ Carey, of New Jersey, 3; S.C. 
Pomeroy, of Kansas, 8; J.R.  Giddings, of Ohio, 2.  The vote in detail
for Lincoln was:  Maine, 1; New Hampshire, 8; Massachusetts, 7; Rhode
Island, 2; New York, 3; Pennsylvania, 11; Ohio, 2; Indiana, 26;
Illinois, 33; Michigan, 5; and California, 12.

[2] Mr. T.S.  Van Dyke, son of one of the delegates, kindly writes us:  “Nothing that Mr. Lincoln has ever written is more characteristic than the following note from him to my father just after the convention—­not for publication, but merely as a private expression of his feelings to an old acquaintance: 

    “Springfield, ill.,
    “June 27, 1856. 
    “Hon. John van Dyke.

    “My dear sir:  Allow me to thank you for your kind notice of me in
    the Philadelphia Convention.

“When you meet Judge Dayton present my respects, and tell him I think him a far better man than I for the position he is in, and that I shall support both him and Colonel Fremont most cordially.  Present my best respects to Mrs. V., and believe me,

    “Yours truly,

    “A.  Lincoln.”

[3] On the sixteenth ballot Buchanan received 168 votes, of which 121 were from the free-States and 47 from the slave-States; Douglas received 122 votes, of which 49 were from the free-States and 73 from the slave-States; Cass received 6 votes, all from the free-States; Pierce had been finally dropped on the previous ballot.—­“Proceedings of the Cincinnati Convention,” p. 45.

[4] The vote more in detail was as follows: 

For Buchanan, slave-States, Alabama, 9; Arkansas, 4; Delaware, 3;
Florida, 3; Georgia, 10; Kentucky, 12; Louisiana, 6; Mississippi, 7;
Missouri, 9; North Carolina, 10; South Carolina, 8; Tennessee, 12;
Texas, 4; Virginia, 15.  Free States, California, 4; Illinois, 11;
Indiana, 13; New Jersey, 7; Pennsylvania, 27.  Total, 174.