see the eye fallen, that kindled the elements of war!  I see the brow relaxed, that scowled defiance at hostile thousands!  I see the knees tremble, that trod with firmness the embattled field!  Fear has entered that heart which ambition had betrayed into violence!  The tyrant feels himself a man, and subject to the weakness of humanity!—­Behold! and tell me, is that power contemptible which can thus find access to the sternest hearts?”—­Author.

FIGURE VIII.—­APOSTROPHE.

“Yet still they breathe destruction, still go on, Inhumanly ingenious to find out New pains for life, new terrors for the grave; Artificers of death!  Still monarchs dream Of universal empire growing up From universal ruin. Blast the design, Great God of Hosts! nor let thy creatures fall Unpitied victims at Ambition’s shrine.”—­Porteus.

LESSON IX.—­FIGURES OF RHETORIC.

FIGURE IX.—­PERSONIFICATION.

   “Hail, sacred Polity, by Freedom rear’d! 
    Hail, sacred Freedom, when by Law restrain’d! 
    Without you, what were man?  A grov’ling herd,
    In darkness, wretchedness, and want, enchain’d.”—­Beattie.

    “Let cheerful Mem’ry, from her purest cells,
    Lead forth a godly train of Virtues fair,
    Cherish’d in early youth, now paying back
    With tenfold usury the pious care.”—­Porteus.

FIGURE X.—­EROTESIS.

“He that chastiseth the heathen, shall not he correct?  He that teacheth man knowledge, shall not he know?”—­Psalms, xciv, 10.  “Can the Ethiopian change his skin, or the leopard his spots? then may ye also do good, that are accustomed to do evil.”—­Jeremiah, xiii, 23.

FIGURE XI.—­ECPHONESIS.  “O that my head were waters, and mine eyes a fountain of tears, that I might weep day and night for the slain of the daughter of my people!  O that I had in the wilderness a lodging place of way-faring men, that I might leave my people, and go from them!”—­Jeremiah, ix, 1.

FIGURE XII.—­ANTITHESIS.

“On this side, modesty is engaged; on that, impudence:  on this, chastity; on that, lewdness:  on this, integrity; on that, fraud:  on this, piety; on that, profaneness:  on this, constancy; on that, fickleness:  on this, honour; on that, baseness:  on this, moderation; on that, unbridled passion.”—­Cicero.

   “She, from the rending earth, and bursting skies,
    Saw gods descend, and fiends infernal rise;
    Here fix’d the dreadful, there the blest abodes;
    Fear made her devils, and weak hope her gods.”—­Pope.

LESSON X.—­FIGURES OF RHETORIC.

FIGURE XIII.—­CLIMAX.

“Virtuous actions are necessarily approved by the awakened conscience; and when they are approved, they are commended to practice; and when they are practised, they become easy; and when they become easy, they afford pleasure; and when they afford pleasure, they are done frequently; and when they are done frequently, they are confirmed by habit:  and confirmed habit is a kind of second nature.”—­Inst., p. 246.