Buddhism, Mazdaism, Manichaeism, Messianic religions, Secret
    societies, Soul, Shamanism, State religion)
  Republic
  Revolutions; legitimization of revolution (see Rebellions)
  Ricci, Matteo, missionary
  Rice
  Rifles
  Ritualism
  Roads
  Roman Empire
  Roosevelt, F.D., president
  Russia (see Soviet Republics)
  Ryukyu (Liu-ch’iu), islands

  Sacrifices
  Sages
  Sakhalin (Karafuto), island
  Salar, ethnic group
  Salary
  Salt
    Salt merchants
    Salt trade
  Samarkand, city
  San-min chu-i, book
  Sang Hung-yang, economist
  Sassanids, Iranian dynasty
  Scholars (Ju) (see Literati, Scribes, Intellectuals,
    Confucianists)
  Schools, (see Education)
  Science, (see Mathematics, Astronomy, Nature)
  Scribes
  Script, Chinese
  Sculpture
    Buddhist sculptures
  se-mu (auxiliary troops)
  Seal, imperial
  Secret societies (see Red Eyebrows; Yellow Turbans; White Lotus;
    Boxer; Rebellions)
  Sects
    Buddhist sects
  Seng-ko-lin-ch’in, general
  Serfs (see Slaves, Servants, Bondsmen)
  Servants
  Settlement, of foreigners
    military
    (see Colonization)
  Sha-t’o, tribal federation
  Shadow theatre
  Shahruk, ruler
  Shamans
    Shamanism
  Shan tribes of South East Asia
  Shan-hai-ching, book
  Shan-yue, title of nomadic ruler
  Shang dynasty
  Shang Ti, deity
  Shang Tz[)u], philosopher (Shang Yang)
  Shanghai, city
  Shao Yung, philosopher
  Sheep
  Shen Nung, mythical figure
  Shen Tsung, Sung ruler
    Manchu ruler
  Sheng Tsu, Manchu ruler
  Shih-chi, book
  Shih Ching-t’ang, ruler
  Shih Ch’ung, writer
  Shih Heng, soldier
  Shih Hu, ruler
  Shih Huang-ti, ruler
  Shih Lo, ruler
  Shih-pi, ruler
  Shih Ss[)u]-ming
  Shih Tsung, Manchu ruler
  Shih-wei, Mongol tribes
  Shintoism, Japanese religion
  Ships (see Navy)
  Short stories
  Shoulder axes
  Shu (Szechwan), area and/or state
  Shu-Han dynasty
  Shun, dynasty
    mythical ruler
  Shun-chih, reign period
  Sian (Hsi-an, Ch’ang-an), city
  Siao Ho (Hsiao Ho), jurist
  Silk
    Silk road
  Silver
  Sin-lo (Hsin-lo, Silla), state of Korea
  Sinanthropos
  Sinkiang (Hsin-Chiang, Turkestan)
  Slash and burn agriculture (denshiring)
  Slaves
    Slave society
    Temple slaves
  Social mobility
    Social structure of tribes
  Socialism (see Marxism, Communism)
  Sogdiana, country in Central Asia
  Soul, concept of soul
  South-East Asia (see Burma, Champa, Cambodia, Annam, Laos,
    Vietnam, Tonking, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Mon-Khmer)
  Soviet Republics (see Russia)