planet could exist between Mars and Jupiter.  This dissertation gives, further, a deduction of Kepler’s laws.  The essay on the Difference between the Systems of Fichte and Schelling had appeared even previous to this.  In company with Schelling he edited in 1802-03 the Kritisches Journal der Philosophie.  The article on “Faith and Knowledge” published in this journal characterizes the standpoint of Kant, Jacobi, and Fichte as that of reflection, for which finite and infinite, being and thought form an antithesis, while true speculation grasps these in their identity.  In the night before the battle of Jena Hegel finished the revision of his Phenomenology of Spirit, which was published in 1807.  The extraordinary professorship given him in 1805 he was forced to resign on account of financial considerations; then he was for a year a newspaper editor in Bamberg, and in 1808 went as a gymnasial rector to Nuremberg, where he instructed the higher classes in philosophy.  His lectures there are printed in the eighteenth volume of his works, under the title Propaedeutic.  In the Nuremberg period fell his marriage and the publication of the Logic (vol. i. 1812, vol. ii. 1816).  In 1816 he was called as professor of philosophy to Heidelberg (where the Encyclopedia appeared, 1817), and two years later to Berlin.  The Outlines of the Philosophy of Right, 1821, is the only major work which was written in Berlin.  The Jahrbuecher fuer wissenschaftliche Kritik, founded in 1827 as an organ of the school, contained a few critiques, but for the rest he devoted his whole strength to his lectures.  He fell a victim to the cholera on November 14, 1831.  The collected edition of his works in eighteen volumes (1832-45) contains in vols. ii.-viii. the four major works which had been published by Hegel himself (the Encyclopaedia with additions from the Lectures); in vols. i., xvi., and xvii. the minor treatises; in vols. ix.-xv. the Lectures, edited by Cans, Hotho, Marheineke, and Michelet.  The Letters from and to Hegel have been added as a nineteenth volume, under the editorship of Karl Hegel, 1887.[1]

[Footnote 1:  Hegel’s Life has been written by Karl Rosenkranz (1844), who has also defended the master (Apologie Hegels, 1858) against R. Haym (Hegel und seine Zeit, 1857), and extolled him as the national philosopher of Germany (1870; English by G.S.  Hall).  Cf., further, the neat popular exposition by Karl Koestlin, 1870, and the essays by Ed. von Hartmann, Ueber die dialektische Methode, 1868, and Hegels Panlogismus (1870, incorporated in the Gesammelte Studien und Aufsaetze, 1876). [The English reader may consult E. Caird’s Hegel in Blackwood’s Philosophical Classics, 1883; Harris’s Hegel’s Logic, Morris’s Hegel’s Philosophy of the State and of History, and Kedney’s Hegel’s Aesthetics in Griggs’s Philosophical Classics; and Wallace’s