12. Not long afterwards must have taken place
the founding of the -Nemus Dianae- in the forest of
Aricia, which, according to Cato’s account (p.
12, Jordan), a Tusculan dictator accomplished for
the urban communities of old Latium, Tusculum, Aricia,
Lanuvium, Laurentum, Cora, and Tibur, and of the two
Latin colonies (which therefore stand last) Suessa
Pometia and Ardea (-populus Ardeatis Rutulus-).
The absence of Praeneste and of the smaller communities
of the old Latium shows, as was implied in the nature
of the case, that not all the communities of the Latin
league at that time took part in the consecration.
That it falls before 372 is proved by the emergence
of Pometia (ii. V. Closing Of The Latin Confederation),
and the list quite accords with what can otherwise
be ascertained as to the state of the league shortly
after the accession of Ardea.
More credit may be given to the traditional statements
regarding the years of the foundations than to most
of the oldest traditions, seeing that the numbering
of the year -ab urbe condita-, common to the Italian
cities, has to all appearance preserved, by direct
tradition, the year in which the colonies were founded.
13. The two do not appear as Latin colonies
in the so-called Cassian list about 372, but they
so appear in the Carthaginian treaty of 406; the towns
had thus become Latin colonies in the interval.
14. In the list given by Dionysius (v. 61) of
the thirty Latin federal cities—the only
list which we possess—there are named the
Ardeates, Aricini, Bovillani, Bubentani (site unknown),
Corni (rather Corani), Carventani (site unknown),
Circeienses, Coriolani, Corbintes, Cabani (perhaps
the Cabenses on the Alban Mount, Bull, dell’
Inst. 1861, p. 205), Fortinei (unknown), Gabini, Laurentes,
Lanuvini, Lavinates, Labicani, Nomentani, Norbani,
Praenestini, Pedani, Querquetulani (site unknown),
Satricani, Scaptini, Setini, Tiburtini, Tusculani,
Tellenii (site unknown), Tolerini (site unknown), and
Veliterni. The occasional notices of communities
entitled to participate, such as of Ardea (Liv. xxxii.
x), Laurentum (Liv. xxxvii. 3), Lanuvium (Liv. xli.
16), Bovillae, Gabii, Labici (Cicero, pro Plane. 9,
23) agree with this list. Dionysius gives it
on occasion of the declaration of war by Latium against
Rome in 256, and it was natural therefore to regard—as
Niebuhr did—this list as derived from the
well-known renewal of the league in 261, But, as in
this list drawn up according to the Latin alphabet
the letter -g appears in a position which it certainly
had not at the time of the Twelve Tables and scarcely
came to occupy before the fifth century (see my Unteritalische
Dial. p. 33), it must be taken from a much more recent
source; and it is by far the simplest hypothesis to
recognize it as a list of those places which were
afterwards regarded as the ordinary members of the
Latin confederacy, and which Dionysius in accordance
with his systematizing custom specifies as its original
