Russia and the Balkan States. Reprinted from the Encyclopedia Britannica. 2s. 6d. net.

Both these accounts, though written many years ago, have now been brought up to date in view of present events.

R. NISBET BAIN. Slavonic Europe, 1447-1796. 1908. 5s. 6d. net.

F.H.  SKRINE. The Expansion of Russia, 1815-1900. 1903. 4s. 6d. net.

W.R.  MORFILL. Russia. 1890. 5s.

W.R.  MORFILL. Poland. 1893. 5s.

Are all useful for the history of Russia, and of her relations with Poland, and Finland.  Readers may also be referred to the Cambridge Modern History (vol. ix. chap. xvi.; vol. x. chaps. xiii., xiv.; vol. xi. chaps. ix., xxii.; vol. xii. chaps. xii., xiii.).

V O. KLUCHEFFSKY. A History of Russia. 3 vols. 1913.  Dent. 7s. 6d. net each.

The standard economic and social history of Russia up to the reign of Peter the Great.

H.P.  KENNARD. The Russian Year-Book. Eyre and Spottiswoode. 10s. 6d. net.

Excellent for facts and figures.

E. SEMENOFF. The Russian Government and the Massacres. 1907. 2s. 6d. net.

An account of the pogroms in Russia from the Jewish point of view.

J.R.  FISHER. Finland and the Tsars, 1800-1899. 1899. 12s. 6d.

The best account in English of the history of Finland’s relations with
Russia up to the beginning of the reactionary period.

K.P.  POBIEDONOSTSEV. Reflections of a Russian Statesman. 1898. 6s.  For
Slavophilism.

P. KHOPOTKIN. Memoirs of a Revolutionist. 1907. 6s.

MAURICE BARING. Russian Literature. (Home University Library.) 1s.

A. BRUeCKNER. A Literary History of Russia. 1908. 12s. 6d. net.

MAURICE BARING. Landmarks in Russian Literature. 1910. 6s. net.

The last-named are the best available books in English on Russian literature.  The works of the great Russian novelists are now accessible to English readers.  Nothing helps one to understand Russia so well as reading the works of Tourgeniev, Tolstoi, and Dostoieffsky.  The best translations are those of Mrs. Garnett.  The following are recommended to those who are beginning the study of Russian literature and who are desirous of reading novels which throw light on the springs of Russian life and thought:—­

TOURGENIEV. Fathers and Children. Heinemann. 2s. net.

A study of Russian Nihilism in the ’eighties, which may be read and compared with Kropotkin’s Memoirs.

TOLSTOI. War and Peace. Heinemann. 3s. 6d. net. Anna Karenin.
Heinemann. 3s. 6d. net.

The first of these is perhaps the finest treatment of war in modern literature, the subject being the Russian campaign of Napoleon in 1812.  No other book gives one a better idea of the way the Russians make war and of the essential greatness of the Russian national spirit.