ever hope to gain anything by entering the councils, holding the belief that they do?  They will better represent the popular will if they wring justice from the Government by means of Non-co-operation.  A calculating spirit at the present moment in the history of India will prove its ruin.  I, therefore, tender my hearty congratulation to those who have announced their resignations of candidature or honorary offices, and I hope that their example will prove infectious.  I have been told, and I believe it myself from what I have seen, that the Andhrus are a brave, courageous and spiritually-inclined people.  I venture therefore to ask my Andhra brethren whether they have understood the spirituality of this beautiful doctrine of Non-co-operation.  If they have, I hope they will not wait for a single moment for a mandate from the Congress or the Moslem League.  They will understand that a spiritual weapon is god whether it is wielded by one or many.  I, therefore, invite you to go to Calcutta with a united will and a united purpose, sanctified by a spirit of sacrifice, with a will of your own to convert those who are still undecided about the spirituality or the practicability of the weapon.

I thank you for the attention and patience with which you have listened to me.  I pray to the Almighty that He may give you wisdom and courage that are so necessary at the present moment.—­

August 1920.

THE CONGRESS

The largest and the most important Congress ever held has come and gone, It was the biggest demonstration ever held against the present system of Government.  The President uttered the whole truth when he said that it was a Congress in which, instead of the President and the leaders driving the people, the people drove him and the latter.  It was clear to every one on the platform that the people had taken the reins in their own hands.  The platform would gladly have moved at a slower pace.

The Congress gave one day to a full discussion of the creed and voted solidly for it with but two dissentients after two nights’ sleep over the discussion.  It gave one day to a discussion of non-co-operation resolution and voted for it with unparalleled enthusiasm.  It gave the last day to listening to the whole of the remaining thirty-two Articles of the Constitution which were read and translated word for word by Maulana Mahomed Ali in a loud and clear voice.  It showed that it was intelligently following the reading of it, for there was dissent when Article Eight was reached.  It referred to non-interference by the Congress in the internal affairs of the Native States.  The Congress would not have passed the proviso if it had meant that it could even voice the feelings of the people residing in the territories ruled by the princes.  Happily it resolution suggesting the advisability of establishing Responsible Government in their territories enabled me to illustrate to the audience that the