1290.  Beatrice dies.  Purg.  C. XXXII. 2.  He serves in the war waged by the Florentines upon the Pisans, and is present at the surrender of Caprona in the autumn.  H. C. XXI. 92.

1291.  He marries Gemma de’ Donati, with whom he lives unhappily.

By this marriage he had five sons and a daughter. 
Can Grande della Scala is born, March 9.  H. C. I. 98.  Purg.  C.
XX. 16.  Par.  C. XVII. 75. and xxvii. 135. 
The renegade Christians assist the Saracens to recover St. John
D’Acre.  H. C. XXVII. 84. 
The Emperor Rodolph dies.  Purg.  C. VI. 104. and vii. 91. 
Alonzo iii. of Arragon dies, and is succeeded by James ii. 
Purg.  C. VII. 113. and Par.  C. XIX. 133.

1294.  Clement V. abdicates the papal chair.  H. C. Iii. 56.  Dante writes his Vita Nuova.

1295.  His preceptor, Brunetto Latini, dies.  H. C. XV. 28.  Charles Martel, king of Hungary, visits Florence, Par.  C. VIII. 57. and dies in the same year.  Frederick, son of Peter iii. of Arragon, becomes king of Sicily.  Purg.  C. VII. 117. and Par.  C. XIX. 127.

1296.  Forese, the companion of Dante, dies.  Purg.  C. XXXIII. 44.

1300.  The Bianca and Nera parties take their rise in Pistoia.  H. C. XXXII. 60.  This is the year in which he supposes himself to see his Vision.  H. C. I. 1. and xxi. 109.  He is chosen chief magistrate, or first of the Priors of Florence; and continues in office from June 15 to August 15.  Cimabue, the painter, dies.  Purg.  C. XI. 93.  Guido Cavalcanti, the most beloved of our Poet’s friends, dies.  H. C. X. 59. and Purg C. XI. 96.

1301.  The Bianca party expels the Nera from Pistoia.  H. C. XXIV. 142.

1302.  January 27.  During his absence at Rome, Dante is mulcted by his fellow-citizens in the sum of 8000 lire, and condemned to two years’ banishment.  March 10.  He is sentenced, if taken, to be burned.  Fulcieri de’ Calboli commits great atrocities on certain of the Ghibelline party.  Purg.  C. XIV. 61.  Carlino de’ Pazzi betrays the castle di Piano Travigne, in Valdarno, to the Florentines.  H. C. XXXII. 67.  The French vanquished in the battle of Courtrai.  Purg.  C. XX. 47.  James, king of Majorca and Minorca, dies.  Par.  C. XIX. 133.

1303.  Pope Boniface viii. dies.  H. C. XIX. 55.  Purg.  C. XX. 86.  XXXII. 146. and Par.  C. XXVII. 20.  The other exiles appoint Dante one of a council of twelve, under Alessandro da Romena.  He appears to have been much dissatisfied with his colleagues.  Par.  C. XVII. 61.

1304.  He joins with the exiles in an unsuccessful attack on the city of Florence.  May.  The bridge over the Arno breaks down during a representation of the infernal torments exhibited on that river.  H. C. XXVI. 9.  July 20.  Petrarch, whose father had been banished two years before from Florence, is born at Arezzo.