v. 121.  The English and Scot.] He adverts to the disputes between John Baliol and Edward I, the latter of whom is commended in the Purgatory, Canto vii. v. 130.

v. 122.  The Spaniard’s luxury.] The commentators refer this to Alonzo X of Spain.  It seems probable that the allusion is to Ferdinand iv who came to the crown in 1295, and died in 1312, at the age of twenty four, in consequence, as it was supposed, of his extreme intemperance.  See Mariana, Hist I. xv. c. 11.

v. 123.  The Bohemian.] Winceslaus ii.  Purgatory, Canto vii. v.

v. 125.  The halter of Jerusalem.] Charles ii of Naples and Jerusalem who was lame.  See note to Purgatory, Canto vii. v. 122, and xx. v. 78.

v. 127.  He.] Frederick of Sicily son of Peter iii of Arragon.  Purgatory, Canto vii. v. 117.  The isle of fire is Sicily, where was the tomb of Anchises.

v. 133.  His uncle.] James, king of Majorca and Minorca, brother to Peter iii.

v. 133.  His brother.] James ii of Arragon, who died in 1327.  See Purgatory, Canto vii. v. 117.

v. 135.  Of Portugal.] In the time of Dante, Dionysius was king of Portugal.  He died in 1328, after a reign of near forty-six years, and does not seem to have deserved the stigma here fastened on him.  See Mariana. and 1. xv. c. 18.  Perhaps the rebellious son of Dionysius may be alluded to.

v. 136.  Norway.] Haquin, king of Norway, is probably meant; who, having given refuge to the murderers of Eric vii king of Denmark, A D. 1288, commenced a war against his successor, Erie viii, “which continued for nine years, almost to the utter ruin and destruction of both kingdoms.”  Modern Univ.  Hist. v. xxxii p. 215.

v. 136. -Him Of Ratza.] One of the dynasty of the house of Nemagna, which ruled the kingdom of Rassia, or Ratza, in Sclavonia, from 1161 to 1371, and whose history may be found in Mauro Orbino, Regno degli Slavi, Ediz.  Pesaro. 1601.  Uladislaus appears to have been the sovereign in Dante’s time, but the disgraceful forgery adverted to in the text, is not recorded by the historian v. 138.  Hungary.] The kingdom of Hungary was about this time disputed by Carobert, son of Charles Martel, and Winceslaus, prince of Bohemia, son of Winceslaus ii.  See Coxe’s House of Austria, vol. i. p. 1. p. 86.

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v. 140.  Navarre.] Navarre was now under the yoke of France.  It soon after (in 1328) followed the advice of Dante and had a monarch of its own.  Mariana, 1. xv. c. 19.

v. 141.  Mountainous girdle.] The Pyrenees.

v. 143. -Famagosta’s streets And Nicosia’s.]

Cities in the kingdom of Cyprus, at that time ruled by Henry ii a pusillanimous prince.  Vertot.  Hist. des Chev. de Malte, 1. iii. iv.  The meaning appears to be, that the complaints made by those cities of their weak and worthless governor, may be regarded as an earnest of his condemnation at the last doom.