Yamagata

prefecture (ken), northern Honshu, Japan, on the Sea of Japan. Much of its 3,601 sq mi (9,327 sq km) is mountainous. Bandai-Asahi National Park, stretching from north to south, includes the Dewa Sangan (Three Mountains of Dewa [Gassan, Yudono-san, Haguro-san]), which are sacred to the Shugen-dō sect of Buddhism; the granite mountains associated with Asahi-dake (6,135 ft [1,870 m]); and Iide-san (6,906 ft). In the northwest, Chōkai Quasi-national Park is crowned by Chōkai-zan, which rises to 7,316 ft on the border with Akita Prefecture. The extinct volcano of Zaō-san (6,040 ft) is the central feature of Zaō Quasi-national Park in the southeast.

The prefecture is drained by the Mogami-gawa (Mogami River). Its valley is followed by a main highway and railway and contains the major interior towns. The short coastal plain is largely composed of the Mogami-gawa delta.

Yamagata's agriculture is based on rice production, sericulture, and fruit orchards. Forestry and fishing are locally important, and deposits of petroleum, zinc, natural gas, and feldspar are worked. Industries produce electrical machinery, precision instruments, and paper.

The prefectural capital, Yamagata, is the largest city. Located in an interior mountain basin, it developed as the castle town of the Mizuno daimyo family. A commercial centre and seat of Yamagata University (1949), its industry produces various consumer goods and cast metal.

Yonezawa is another important interior town. The coastal district is dominated by the industrial centres of Tsuruoka and Sakata, the main port. Pop. (1983 est.) city, 242,015; prefecture, 1,256,000.