Vitamin B Complex

Water-soluble organic compounds with loosely similar properties, distribution in natural sources, and physiological functions. Most are coenzymes, and all appear essential to the metabolic processes of all animal life.

They include thiamin (B₁), riboflavin (B₂), niacin, vitamin B₆, pantothenic acid, folic acid, biotin, and vitamin B₁₂ (cobalamin); some authorities also include choline, carnitine, lipoic acid, inositol, and para-aminobenzoic acid. Vitamin B₆ is needed for metabolism of amino acids and prevention of skin and nerve disorders. Vitamin B₁₂ prevents pernicious anemia and is involved in nucleic-acid synthesis, fat metabolism, and conversion of carbohydrate to fat. The B complex vitamins are particularly abundant in cereal grains, meats, nuts, and some fruits and vegetables.