city, Galveston county, Texas, U.S. It is part of the Galveston–Texas City complex on Galveston Bay. Texas City is a deepwater port on channels to the Gulf of Mexico, and its industrial activities have considerably expanded since World War II to include the production of petrochemicals, tin smelting, and oil refining.
Development of the area was begun in 1893 by shippers from the Great Lakes who recognized the potential advantages of a port terminal. The city has suffered several major disasters, including a severe hurricane that swept over Galveston Island in 1915; the explosion in the harbour of the French freighter Grandcamp, loaded with ammonium nitrate fertilizer, in 1947, which killed 576 people and injured some 4,000 others; and a hurricane that destroyed much of the city in 1961. Construction of a protective seawall began in 1962; parts of the barrier were completed the following year, and the final sections were finished in 1985.
Texas City is the home of the College of the Mainland (1967; community college). Texas City Museum contains exhibits on the city's history. Inc. 1911. Pop. (1990) city, 40,822; Galveston–Texas City PMSA, 217,396; Houston-Galveston-Brazoria CMSA, 3,731,131; (2000) city, 41,521; Galveston–Texas City PMSA, 250,158; Houston-Galveston-Brazoria CMSA, 4,669,571.
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