(born Aug. 11, 1865, Simsbury, Conn., U.S.—died Oct. 4, 1946, New York, N.Y.) U.S. forestry and conservation pioneer. He graduated from Yale University and studied forestry in Europe. In 1892 he became the first professional U.S.
forester. In 1896 he joined the national forest commission of the National Academy of Sciences and helped plan the U.S. system of forest reserves (later national forests). As chief of the U.S. Forest Service (1898–1910), he established the nation's forest-service system. He founded the Yale School of Forestry and taught there from 1903 to 1936. He served as governor of Pennsylvania from 1923 to 1927 and from 1931 to 1935.
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