Murphy, Eddie

(born April 3, 1961, Brooklyn, New York, U.S.) American comedian and actor who was a dominant comedic voice in the United States during the 1980s. His comedy was largely personal and observational, yet it was at times raunchy and cruel. He was also a skillful impersonator.

Murphy began doing stand-up comedy in New York City as a teenager and was only 19 years old when he joined the cast of Saturday Night Live in 1980. He quickly emerged as the show's top performer, creating memorable characters such as Mister Robinson (a spoof on the children's show host Mister Rogers), convict-poet Tyrone Green, and a very grumpy take on the animated clay character Gumby. Murphy scored a major hit in his first film, 48 Hours (1982).

He followed with three more box-office successes—Trading Places (1983), Beverly Hills Cop (1984) and The Golden Child (1986). He left Saturday Night Live in 1984 to focus on his film and stand-up career. In addition to sequels to 48 Hours and Beverly Hills Cop, Murphy showed his versatility in Raw (1987), which documented two of his live performances, and the comedy Coming to America (1988), in which he played four different roles. He recorded several comedy albums during the 1980s and also scored a minor pop-music hit with the single “Party All the Time” in 1985. He wrote, directed, and starred in Harlem Nights (1989), which was a critical and commercial disappointment. After a series of flops in the early 1990s, Murphy triumphed again with The Nutty Professor (1996) and Dr. Dolittle (1998), both updated versions of previous films. He also found success with animated family films, providing the voice of Mushu in Mulan (1998) and that of Donkey in Shrek (2001) and Shrek 2 (2004). In 2007 Murphy earned his first Academy Award nomination—for best supporting actor, for his performance in Dreamgirls (2006).

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