(born 1368, Genazzano, Papal States—died Feb. 20, 1431, Rome) Pope (1417–31). His election at the Council of Constance marked the end of the Western Schism.
He condemned conciliar theory (&see; Conciliar movement) and any appeals of papal judgment on matters of faith. Martin rejected French efforts to persuade him to live at Avignon (&see; Avignon papacy). Instead he returned to Rome (1420), where he helped to rebuild the ruined city. He also tried to recover control of the Papal States. He mediated in the Hundred Years' War and organized crusades against the Hussites, and he asserted the rights of the church against the crown.
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