town, historic and present county of Carmarthenshire, Wales. The old, established settlement's most significant growth dates from the late 18th century, when it became a centre of nonferrous metal manufacture, including lead, copper (after 1804), and tinplate (after 1847), which came to dominate the local economy. Llanelli also became a port for the anthracite coalfield. Gradually the town's heavy industry declined, and coal mining ceased.
The docks were closed in 1951, and the old tinplate mills were all closed. Afterward, however, the large new cold-reduction mill at Trostre, using steel strip from Port Talbot, made Llanelli again a centre of tinplate manufacture, primarily for packaging. The town also has a small steel fabrication industry. Pop. (2001) urban agglom., 46,357.
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