In the European Middle Ages, a formally professed cavalryman, generally a vassal holding land as a fief from the lord he served (&see; feudalism). At about 7 a boy bound for knighthood became a page, then at 12 a damoiseau (“lordling”), varlet, or valet, and subsequently a shieldbearer or esquire.
When judged ready, he was dubbed knight by his lord in a solemn ceremony. The Christian ideal of knightly behavior (&see; chivalry) required devotion to the church, loyalty to military and feudal superiors, and preservation of personal honor. By the 16th century knighthood had become honorific rather than feudal or military.
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